Operando electrochemistry in LC-TEM. (A) Schematics
of the SixN LC for operandi LC-TEM with
examples of the characterizations and imaging resolution that can
be achieved with identical location operando, in situ (with large gas bubble formed), or ex situ. Reproduced from Yang, Y.; Shao, Y.-T.; Lu, X.; Yang, Y.; Ko, H.-Y.;
DiStasio, R. A., Jr.; DiSalvo, F. J.; Muller, D. A.; Abruña,
H. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc.2022, 144 (34), 15698–15708 (ref (449)). Copyright 2022 American
Chemical Society; and from Real-time Monitoring Reveals Dissolution/Redeposition
Mechanism in Copper Nanocatalysts during the Initial Stages of the
CO2 Reduction Reaction, Vavra, J.; Shen, T.-H.; Stoian, D.; Tileli,
V.; Buonsanti, R. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., Vol. 60,
Issue 3 (ref (457)).
Copyright 2021 Wiley. (B) Corrosion of Pd@Pt core–shell NPs
during the ORR. LC-TEM successive images show the propagation of the
dissolution along specific direction corresponding to regions of lower
strain (colored map). Reproduced from Chem, Vol. 6 (9), Shi, F.; Gao,
W.; Shan, H.; Li, F.; Xiong, Y.; Peng, J.; Xiang, Q.; Chen, W.; Tao,
P.; Song, C.; et al., Strain-Induced Corrosion Kinetics at Nanoscale
Are Revealed in Liquid: Enabling Control of Corrosion Dynamics of
Electrocatalysis, pp. 2257–2271 (ref (453)). Copyright 2020, with
permission from Elsevier. (C) Electrochemical Ostwald ripening during
eCO2RR at Cu NPs. The NPs in the red square are growing
during the reduction step while the smaller ones (blue square) are
dissolved into Cu ions. Reproduced from Real-time Monitoring Reveals
Dissolution/Redeposition Mechanism in Copper Nanocatalysts during
the Initial Stages of the CO2 Reduction Reaction, Vavra,
J.; Shen, T.-H.; Stoian, D.; Tileli, V.; Buonsanti, R. Angew.
Chem. Int. Ed., Vol. 60, Issue 3 (ref (457)). Copyright 2021 Wiley.
(D) Reductive electrodissolution of Au/Pt nanostructures. Operando the formation of a Au ribbon is probed at the Au/Pt
interface; higher resolution imaging reveals the detachment and formation
of smaller Au NPs from the preferred reductive dissolution of Au.
This in situ measurement configuration allows crystallographic
analysis of the electrosynthesised Au nanocrystals. Reproduced from
Yang, Y.; Shao, Y.-T.; Lu, X.; Yang, Y.; Ko, H.-Y.; DiStasio, R. A.,
Jr.; DiSalvo, F. J.; Muller, D. A.; Abruña, H. D. J.
Am. Chem. Soc.2022, 144 (34),
15698–15708 (ref (449)). Copyright 2022 American Chemical Society.