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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Environ Econ Manage. 2022 Jul 6;115:102696. doi: 10.1016/j.jeem.2022.102696

Figure 1:

Figure 1:

Number of drug overdoses from 1999 to 2016 in the United States

Notes: In this figure, we show the number of drug overdoses in the United States annually from 1999 to 2016 based on National Center for Health Statistics’ Multiple Cause of Death Data. We separate counts into mutually-exclusive bins: drug overdoses with a known opioid drug as having contributed to the overdose; drug overdoses with no specified opioid drug as having contributed to the overdose; and drug overdoses with no specific drug as having contributed to the overdose (i.e., only T50.9 is indicated in decedent’s list of contributing causes of death).