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. 2023 Jan 12;25:7. doi: 10.1186/s13075-022-02966-9

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Quantitative histological results for male (left) and female (right) tibial region in the medial joint compartment. A In males, minimum cartilage thickness decreased with MCLT+MMT compared to sham in both hypertensive and normotensive animals. B In females, decreased cartilage thickness due to MCLT+MMT only occurred in hypertensive animals. C The ratio of the bone area associated with the subchondral bone plate to the total area of bone and trabecular bone in the subchondral space (“bone area ratio”) increased in hypertensive-MCLT+MMT males compared to normotensive-MCLT+MMT males. D Hypertensive-MCLT+MMT females also had an increased bone area ratio; however, this was compared to hypertensive-sham animals. E, F Osteophyte areas increased due to MCLT+MMT in both strains and sexes. Bars represent p < 0.05 between the groups. Data are presented as mean ± 95% confidence interval