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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jan 12.
Published in final edited form as: Phys Rev X. 2022 Jul 11;12(3):031006. doi: 10.1103/physrevx.12.031006

FIG. 7.

FIG. 7.

Active foam: Surface roughening yields an active foam. (a) Morphological change from monolayer envelopes to a percolated foam. (b) Ortho-slices show the complex 3D structure of the active foam. (c) Maximum intensity z projection over 10 μm illustrates distinct foam cells which can have free ends or open faces. (d) A foam cell undergoes topological rearrangements in an active foam. Samples are constituted from 200 nM kinesin (blue) and 40 μM tubulin (black).