Table 2.
The sensor locations on individual muscles for sEMG recordings*
| Muscle | Starting posture of participant | Electrode placement | |
| Location | Orientation | ||
| RA | Supine or standing | 2 cm superior and 2–4 cm lateral to the umbilicus | Vertical |
| EO | Supine or standing | At a 2-finger width above the anterior half of the iliac crest | In the direction of the line from the outside of the 5–12 ribs to the anterior half of the iliac crest |
| Longissimus | Prone with the lumbar vertebral columns slightly flexed | At a 2-finger width lateral from the proc. spin. of L1. | Vertical |
| RF | Sitting on a table with the knees in slight flexion and the upper body bend slightly backwards | At 50% on the line from the anterior spina iliaca superior to the superior part of the patella | In the direction of the line from the anterior spina iliaca superior to the superior part of the patella |
| BF | Lying on the belly with the face down with the thigh down on the table, the knees flexed (to less than 90 degrees), the thigh in a slight lateral rotation and the leg in a slight lateral rotation with respect to the thigh | At 50% on the line between the ischial tuberosity and the lateral epicondyle of the tibia | In the direction of the line between the ischial tuberosity and the lateral epicondyle of the tibia |
| TA | Supine or sitting | At one-third on the line between the tip of the fibula and the tip of the medial malleolus | In the direction of the line between the tip of the fibula and the tip of the medial malleolus |
| Soleus | Sitting with the knee flexed approximately 90 degrees and the heel/foot of the investigated leg on the floor | At two-third of the line between the medial condyle of the femur to the medial malleolus | In the direction of the line between the medial condyle to the medial malleolus |
*According to the SENIAM recommendations for sensor locations for muscles.
BF, biceps femoris; EO, external oblique muscle; RA, rectus abdominis; RF, rectus femoris; sEMG, surface electromyography; SENIAM, Surface ElectroMyoGraphy for the Non-Invasive Assessment of Muscles; TA, tibialis anterior.