TABLE 1.
Demographics, medical history, immune status, disease severity, clinical, radiological and functional status, and microbiology, laboratory and treatment data of the study population (n=373)
| Demographics | |
| Age, years | 62 (50–71) |
| >65 years | 151 (40.5) |
| >75 years | 47 (12.6) |
| Female | 289 (77.5) |
| BMI, kg·m−2 | 21.4 (19.0–24.0) |
| Underweight (BMI <18.5 kg·m−2) | 63 (16.9) |
| Smoker or ex-smoker | 163 (43.7) |
| Medical history | |
| Pneumonia | 228 (61.1) |
| GORD | 165 (44.2) |
| Rhinosinusitis | 134 (35.9) |
| Childhood respiratory infection | 123 (33.0) |
| Systemic hypertension | 83 (22.3) |
| Asthma | 62 (16.6) |
| Osteoporosis | 57 (15.3) |
| Neoplastic disease | 48 (12.9) |
| Otitis | 39 (10.5) |
| Nasal polyps | 38 (10.2) |
| Depression | 36 (9.7) |
| COPD | 30 (8.0) |
| Primary ciliary dyskinesia | 28 (7.5) |
| Anxiety | 25 (6.7) |
| Tuberculosis | 19 (5.1) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 16 (4.3) |
| Diabetes | 15 (4.0) |
| History of connective tissue disease | 11 (3.0) |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 10 (2.7) |
| Pertussis | 7 (1.9) |
| Chronic renal failure | 7 (1.9) |
| History of inflammatory bowel disease | 5 (1.3) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 5 (1.3) |
| Aspiration | 3 (0.8) |
| Active neoplastic disease | 3 (0.8) |
| Congenital airway abnormality | 2 (0.5) |
| Foreign body inhalation or obstruction | 1 (0.3) |
| Liver cirrhosis | 1 (0.3) |
| Haemodialysis | 1 (0.3) |
| Immune status | |
| Any immunodeficiency | 71 (18.8) |
| Primary immunodeficiencies | 57 (15.3) |
| Secondary immunodeficiencies | 14 (3.8) |
| HIV | 1 (0.3) |
| IgG deficiency | 11 (3.0) |
| IgA deficiency | 9 (2.4) |
| IgG subclass deficiency | 44 (11.9) |
| IgM deficiency | 18 (4.9) |
| DiGeorge syndrome | 0 (0.0) |
| CVID | 4 (1.1) |
| History of immunodeficiency | 119 (31.9) |
| B-lymphocyte deficiency | 44 (11.8) |
| T-lymphocyte deficiency | 28 (7.5) |
| Natural killer cell deficiency | 13 (3.5) |
| Disease severity | |
| BSI score | 6 (4–9) |
| BSI risk class | |
| Mild | 115 (30.8) |
| Moderate | 136 (36.5) |
| Severe | 112 (30) |
| BACI score | 0 (0–3) |
| FACED score | 2 (1–3) |
| FACED risk class | |
| Mild | 231 (61.9) |
| Moderate | 112 (30) |
| Severe | 29 (7.8) |
| Radiological status | |
| Reiff score | 4 (3–6) |
| Involved lobes, n | 4 (2–5) |
| Cavitation | 17 (4.6) |
| Bronchiectasis in middle lobe | 306 (82.0) |
| Bronchiectasis in lingula | 260 (69.7) |
| Bronchiectasis in middle lobe and lingula | 243 (65.1) |
| Clinical status | |
| Sputum volume, mL | 10 (5–25) |
| Daily sputum | 278 (74.5) |
| Sputum colour | |
| Mucous | 51 (20.4) |
| Mucous–purulent | 114 (45.6) |
| Purulent | 85 (34.0) |
| mMRC grade | |
| 0 | 200 (53.6) |
| 1 | 116 (31.1) |
| 2 | 24 (6.4) |
| 3 | 17 (4.6) |
| 4 | 15 (4.0) |
| Exacerbations in previous year, n | 1 (1–3) |
| ≥3 exacerbations in previous year | 111 (30.0) |
| ≥1 hospitalisations in previous year | 49 (13.2) |
| Functional status | |
| FEV1, % pred | 82.5±24.0 |
| Microbiology | |
| Chronic infection with ≥1 pathogens | 131 (35.1) |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 80 (21.4) |
| Haemophilus influenzae | 21 (5.6) |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 32 (8.6) |
| MRSA | 5 (1.3) |
| MSSA | 27 (7.2) |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 3 (0.8) |
| Stenotrophomonas | 6 (1.6) |
| Achromobacter | 5 (1.3) |
| Other chronic infection | 10 (2.6) |
| Aspergillus fumigatus | 2 (0.5) |
| Atypical mycobacteria | 97 (26) |
| Other bacteria | 70 (18.8) |
| Laboratory data | |
| C-reactive protein, mg·L−1 | 0.35 (0.12–0.94) |
| Long-term treatment | |
| Macrolide | 44 (11.8) |
| Inhaled antibiotics treatment | 31 (8.3) |
| Receiving ICS at NTM isolation | 123 (33.0) |
Data are presented as median (interquartile range), n (%) or mean±sd. BMI: body mass index; GORD: gastro-oesophageal reflux disease; CVID: common variable immunodeficiency; BSI: Bronchiectasis Severity Index; BACI: Bronchiectasis Aetiology Comorbidity Index; FACED: forced expiratory volume in 1 s, age, chronic colonisation, extension and dyspnoea; mMRC: modified Medical Research Council; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; MRSA: methicillin-resistant S. aureus; MSSA: methicillin-susceptible S. aureus; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; NTM: nontuberculous mycobacteria.