Table 2.
Family no. | Mode of inheritance | Gene1 | Causative and coexisting variants | Pathogenicity prediction in protein level | Classification according to ACMG3 | Allele frequency (gnomAD browser)4 | Molecular method of searching the variants5 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nucleotide | Exon/intron no. | Protein | Status | SIFT | PROVEAN | PolyPhen-22 | ||||||
23 | AR | CEP290 | c.1753C>T | e.18 | p.Q585* | Het | - | - | - | P | None | WES |
c.2991+1655A>G | i.26 | p.C998* | Het | - | - | - | P | None | NGS panel | |||
40 | NGS panel | |||||||||||
46 | ||||||||||||
24 | AR | LCA5 | c.1555_1558del | e.8 | p.F519Mfs*73 | Hom | - | - | - | LP | None | WES |
25 | AR | GUCY2D | c.2302C>T | e.12 | p.R768W | Het | Damaging | Deleterious | P. damaging | P | 0.000151 | WES |
c.2598G>C | e.14 | p.K866N | Het | Damaging | Deleterious | P. damaging | VUS | 0.0000065 | ||||
CEP290 | c.4577A>T | e.35 | p.E1526V | Het | Damaging | Neutral | P. damaging | VUS | 0.0000241 | |||
26 | AD | CRX | c.585C>A | e.4 | p.Y195* | Het | - | - | - | P | None | WES |
27 | AR | CRB1 | c.1457T>C | e.6 | p.L486P | Het | Damaging | Deleterious | P. damaging | LP | None | WES |
c.2843G>A | e.9 | p.C948Y | He | Damaging | Deleterious | P. damaging | P | 0.000212 | ||||
28 | AR | CEP290 | c.289G>T | e.5 | p.E97* | Het | - | - | - | P | 0.0000226 | WES |
c.2991+1655A>G | i.26 | p.C998* | Het | - | - | - | P | None | ||||
29 | AR | RPGRIP1 | c.2465_2468dup | e.17 | p.A824Ifs*11 | Hom | - | - | - | P | 0.0000040 | WES |
30 | AR | NMNAT1 | c.292G>C | e.3 | p.V98L | Hom | Damaging | Deleterious | Benign | LP | None | WES |
GUCY2D | c.2179G>A | e.11 | p.G727S | Het | Damaging | Deleterious | P. damaging | LP | 0.000363 | |||
31 | AR | GUCY2D | c.566_571del | e.2 | p.A189Vfs*131 | Hom | - | - | - | LP | None | WES |
insTGGGTGGAGG | ||||||||||||
32 | AR | GUCY2D | c.2291del | e.12 | p.P764Lfs*20 | Hom | - | - | - | P | 0.0000039 | WES |
33 | AR | NMNAT1 | c.769G>A | e.5 | p.E257L | Het | Tolerated | Neutral | Bening | LP | 0.000702 | WES |
NC_000001.11 (9970990_978973)del | Het | - | - | - | P | None | ||||||
34 | AR | CRB1 | c.2042G>A | e.6 | p.C681Y | Het | Damaging | Deleterious | P. damaging | P | 0.0000039 | WES |
c.3474T>A | e.9 | p.Y1158* | Het | - | - | - | LP | None | ||||
35 | AR | CEP290 | c.2991+1655A>G | i.26 | p.C998* | Het | - | - | - | P | None | WES |
c.6277delG | e.46 | p.V2093Sfs*4 | Het | - | - | - | P | 0.0000467 | ||||
36 | AR | CEP290 | c.1078C>T | e.13 | p.R360* | Het | - | - | - | P | 0.0000264 | WES |
c.2991+1655A>G | i.26 | p.C998* | Het | - | - | - | P | None | ||||
37 | AR | LRAT | c.139C>T | e.2 | p.R47* | Hom | - | - | - | P | 0.0000119 | NGS panel |
38 | AR | CRB1 | c.1660del | e.6 | p.V554Cfs*19 | Het | - | - | - | P | None | NGS panel |
c.2042G>A | e.6 | p.C681Y | Het | Damaging | Deleterious | P. damaging | P | 0.0000039 | ||||
39 | AR | CRB1 | c.2843G>A | e.9 | p.C948Y | Hom | Damaging | Deleterious | P. damaging | P | 0.000212 | NGS panel |
41 | AR | CRB1 | c.1342C>T | e.6 | p.Q448* | Het | - | - | - | P | None | NGS panel |
c.2843G>A | e.9 | p.C948Y | Het | Damaging | Deleterious | P. damaging | P | 0.000212 | ||||
42 | AR | CEP290 | c.1522+2T>Ca | i.15 | p.? | Het | - | - | - | P | None | WES |
c.5012+1G>Ab | i.37 | p.? | Het | - | - | - | P | None | ||||
43 | AR | CRB1 | c.2042G>A | e.6 | p.C681Y | Het | Damaging | Deleterious | P. damaging | P | 0.0000039 | NGS panel |
c.2843G>A | e.9 | p.C948Y | Het | Damaging | Deleterious | P. damaging | P | 0.000212 | ||||
44 | AR | NMNAT1 | c.769G>A | e.5 | p.E257L | Het | Tolerated | Neutral | Bening | LP | 0.000702 | NGS panel |
c.839A>T | e.5 | p.(*280Lext*15) | Het | - | - | - | LP | None | ||||
45 | AR | CEP290 | c.2991+1655A>G | i.26 | p.C998* | Hom | - | - | - | P | None | NGS panel |
RPGRIP1 | c.1216del | e.11 | p.L406Yfs*36 | Het | - | - | - | LP | None | |||
47 | AR | RPGRIP1 | c.2236G>A | e.16 | p.(G746R) | Het | Damaging | Deleterious | P. damaging | LP | 0.0000122 | NGS panel |
c.2367+1G>A | i.16 | p.? | Het | - | - | - | P | None | ||||
48 | AR | CEP290 | c.2991+1655A>G | i.26 | p.C998* | Het | - | - | - | P | None | NGS panel |
c.5587-1G>C | i.40 | p.? | Het | - | - | - | P | 0.0000143 | ||||
49 | AR | CEP290 | c.2991+1655A>G | i.26 | p.C998* | Het | - | - | - | P | None | NGS panel |
c.4882C>T | e.37 | p.Q1628* | Het | - | - | - | P | 0.0000369 |
Novel variants are marked in bold. The hyphen means that the prediction in protein level was not performed for the variant (nor necessary or improper for this variant)
1The reference sequences of the genes, in which the variants were detected, were as follows: CEP290 NM_025114.4, CRB1 NM_201253.2, GUCY2D NM_000180.4, NMNAT1 NM_002431.4, RPGRIP1 NM_020366, CRX NM_000554.6, LRAT1 NM_004744.3, LCA5 NM_001122769.3, and IQCB1 NM_001023570.4
2PolyPhen2: P. damaging probably damaging
3Classification according to ACMG: P pathogenic, LP likely pathogenic, VUS uncertain significance
4Allele frequency is listed according to GnomAD (Genome Aggregation Database), accessed 18 February 2022
a, bSplicing variants submitted to additional potential pathogenicity prediction in protein level analyses with the use of CADD and Fathmm software. The results of the analyses revealed that both variants are deleterious. For the variant c.1522+2T>C in the CEP290 gene, the CADD score is 33 and the Fathmm score is 0.99. For the variant c.5012+1G>A in the CEP290 gene, the CADD score is 25.5 and the Fathmm score is 0.99
5WES was conducted in patients diagnosed with LCA from May 2020 to April 2021, while NGS retinal panel was applied in these patients, who were referred to the genetic clinic before May 2020 and after April 2021