Table 2.
Microscopic physicochemical composition in terms of cell wall-related mass fractions in percent (fractions are not normalized): minimum/representative average/maximum values are reported as collected from published experimental data
| Name | Type | Total cell. | Hemicell. | Lignin | Pectin | Ash | Nanopore | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Banana | B | 60/71/82 | 6/10/14 | 5/8/10 | 0/4/4 | 0/5/5 | 0/0/0 | [9, 69, 70] |
| Flax | B | 71/73/81 | 15/18/21 | 2/3/3 | –/1/– | –/0/– | –/2/– | [9, 68, 71] |
| Hemp | B | 57/70/81 | 18/20/22 | 4/5/6 | –/1/– | –/0/– | –/1/– | [68, 72, 73] |
| Isora | B | 71/71/75 | 0/3/3 | 14/21/23 | –/0/– | 0/0/1 | –/0/– | [9, 74, 75] |
| Jute | B | 45/58/72 | 12/18/23 | 9/18/26 | 0/0/0 | –/0/– | –/0/– | [9, 68, 72] |
| Kenaf | B | 31/56/81 | –/22/– | 15/17/19 | –/2/– | –/0/– | –/0/– | [9, 68, 72] |
| Ramie | B | 69/80/91 | 5/14/17 | 1/1/1 | –/2/– | –/0/– | –/0/– | [9, 68, 72] |
| Sorghum | B | –/65/– | –/19/– | –/10/– | –/0/– | –/5/– | –/0/– | [76] |
| Alfa | G | –/45/– | –/39/– | –/39/– | –/0/– | –/0/– | –/2/– | [9] |
| Bagasse | G | 32/37/48 | 19/23/28 | 23/7/32 | 0/10/10 | 2/4/5 | 0/2/4 | [9, 69] |
| Bamboo | G | 35/35/47 | 15/21/23 | 21/26/31 | 0/0/0 | –/0/– | –/0/– | [9, 77] |
| Abaca | L | 56/63/70 | 14/20/25 | 7/9/12 | 0/1/1 | 0/2/2 | 3/6/6 | [9, 68, 78] |
| Curaua | L | –/74/– | –/10/– | –/8/– | –/0/– | –/0/– | –/1/– | [79] |
| Henequen | L | 60/64/68 | 18/23/28 | 8/8/9 | –/0/– | 0/1/1 | –/5/– | [9, 78] |
| Phormium | L | –/67/– | –/30/– | –/11/– | –/0/– | –/0/– | –/0/– | [9] |
| Pineapple | L | 70/75/85 | –/18/– | 5/8/12 | 0/4/4 | 1/1/1 | –/0/– | [9, 69, 80] |
| Sisal | L | 38/63/88 | 10/14/26 | 8/12/25 | 0/10/10 | –/0/– | –/3/– | [69, 72, 80, 81] |
| Coir | F | 21/40/46 | 12/20/31 | 20/35/47 | 0/4/4 | 0/10/10 | 0/0/9 | [9, 69] |
| Kapok | F | 53/59/64 | 29/30/30 | 13/17/22 | –/0/– | 1/1/1 | –/4/– | [82] |
| Oil Palm | F | 43/54/65 | 17/25/34 | 13/19/25 | 0/0/0 | 1/4/6 | –/7/– | [11] |
| Barley | S | 31/38/45 | 27/33/38 | 14/17/19 | –/0/– | –/0/– | –/0/– | [69] |
| Cornhusk | S | 47/54/61 | 20/32/44 | 2/3/4 | –/0/– | 3/8/13 | –/0/– | [83] |
| Cornstalk | S | 38/39/40 | –/28/– | 7/14/21 | –/0/– | 4/0/7 | –/0/– | [9, 69] |
| Rice | S | 28/32/36 | 23/26/28 | 12/13/14 | –/0/– | 14/17/20 | –/0/– | [69] |
| Soybean | S | 35/85/88 | 0/5/17 | 5/11/22 | –/0/– | 1/2/11 | –/0/– | [84, 85] |
| Wheat | S | 33/36/38 | 26/29/32 | 17/18/19 | –/0/– | 2/0/7 | –/0/– | [69] |