Table 3.

Microscopic physicochemical fiber properties related to the minimum/representative average/maximum homogenized fiber stiffness/strength: reported microfibril angle, reported volumetric crystallinity, reported fiber densities, calculated cell wall density according to Eq. (26), and calculated lumen porosity according to Eq. (25)

Name	Type	Microfibril angle		Crystallinity		Density [g/cm${}^3$]			lumen
		$\vartheta$ [${}^{\circ }$]	References	${\xi }_V$ [%]	References	${\rho }_{\mathit{fib}}$	References	${\rho }_{\mathit{cw}}$	$f_{\mathit{lpor}}^{\mathit{fib}}$ [$\%$]
Banana	B	11/11/12	[86, 87]	30/45/49	[88, 89]	1.3/1.4/1.5	[86]	1.51	14/7/0
Flax	B	5/6/10	[1, 86]	50/78/90	[71, 87, 90, 91]	1.38/1.38/1.5	[86, 92]	1.48	7/7/0
Hemp	B	6/7/10	[1, 86, 93]	50/75/98	[73, 87, 91, 94]	1.35/1.4/1.5	[86, 92, 93]	1.48	9/6/0
Isora	B	20/23/26	[74]	34/71/71	[74, 95]	1.2/1.3/1.3	[12, 96]	1.44	16/9/9
Jute	B	7/8/9	[1, 86, 93]	68/71/73	[89, 97, 98]	1.23/1.35/1.5	[86, 89, 92, 93]	1.42	13/5/0
Kenaf	B	9/12/15	[71, 93]	61/65/69	[71]	1.2/1.22/1.4	[92, 93]	1.45	17/16/3
Ramie	B	6/8/10	[93]	–/64/-	[87]	1.44/1.44/1.55	[86, 92, 93]	1.51	4/4/0
Sorghum	B	16/16/17	[99]	32/43/53	[98–100]	–/0.89/-	[101]	1.5	47/41/35
Alfa	G	–/10/–	${}^{\ast }$	–/64/–	[102]	–/0.89/–	[12]	1.41	43/37/30
Bagasse	G	14/15/15	[87]	–/48/–	[35]	0.55/1.2/1.25	[86, 92]	1.34	59/10/7
Bamboo	G	2/6/10	[93]	40/56/60	[87, 90]	1.2/1.3/1.5	[103]	1.29	7/0/0
Abaca	L	–/23/–	[87]	–/52/–	[87]	–/1.5/–	[86, 93]	1.45	7/0/0
Curaua	L	15/17/19	[79]	–/66/–	[79]	–/1.4/–	[12]	1.44	12/3/0
Henequen	L	18/20/22	[93]	44/47/50	[104]	1.33/1.4/1.4	[92, 93]	1.45	8/3/3
Phormium	L	–/10/–	${}^{\ast }$	–/69/–	[105]	–/1.27/–	[106]	1.5	24/15/7
Pineapple	L	6/12/14	[1, 86, 87]	44/52/60	[88]	1.32/1.5/1.56	[12, 86, 92]	1.51	13/1/0
Sisal	L	10/20/25	[1, 86, 87]	68/73/77	[107]	1.2/1.35/1.5	[86, 89, 92, 93]	1.47	19/8/0
Coir	F	30/45/49	[1, 86, 93]	27/30/33	[87]	1.2/1.2/1.25	[2, 86, 89]	1.46	18/18/14
Kapok	F	–/10/–	${}^{\ast }$	–/46/–	[107]	–/0.38/–	[86]	1.44	76/73/71
Oil Palm	F	–/46/–	[87]	20/25/30	[108]	0.7/1.35/1.55	[87]	1.41	50/4/0
Barley	S	–/10/–	${}^{\ast }$	–/50/–	${}^{\ast }$	–/0.52/–	${}^{\ast }$	1.35	65/61/58
Cornhusk	S	–/10/–	${}^{\ast }$	48/74/100	[88, 94]	0.43/0.52/0.61	[109]	1.52	72/66/60
Cornstalk	S	–/11/–	[110]	52/76/100	[87, 94]	–/0.52/–	${}^{\ast }$	1.31	64/60/56
Rice	S	–/10/–	${}^{\ast }$	40/60/63	[88, 98]	–/1.65/–	[87]	1.43	0/0/0
Soybean	S	–/12/–	[87]	43/47/51	[84, 87]	–/0.52/–	${}^{\ast }$	1.51	69/66/62
Wheat	S	–/0/–	[111]	48/51/51	[71, 90]	1.45/1.53/1.6	[87]	1.31	0/0/0

${}^{\ast }$Assumed