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. 2023 Jan 12;6:9. doi: 10.1038/s42004-022-00811-3

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — A Thermal cycloaddition reactions between bicyclobutanes and alkenes to form bridged bicyclic structures. B Lewis acid-catalysed cycloaddition reactions between bicyclobutanes and imines to form aza-bridged bicyclic structures. C Cycloaddition of bicyclobutanes with triazolinediones and applications in peptide modification. D Cycloaddition of bicyclobutanes with alkenes via energy transfer photocatalysis to form bridged bicyclic structures. E SmI₂ catalysed insertion of alkenes into bicyclobutanes and the proposed mechanism. Tf trifluoromethylsulfonyl, PMB para-methoxy benzyl, TAD triazolinedione, Phe phenylalanine, Ala alanine, Boc tert-butoxycarbonyl, pin pinacol, Nap naphthyl, [PC] photocatalyst, EWG electron-withdrawing group.