Table 2.
Associations of serum SLPI with incident heart failure (including subtypes).
| Outcome | Number of events/participants | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR per doubling of SLPI (95th CI) | P-value | HR per doubling of SLPI (95th CI) | P-value | HR per doubling of SLPI (95th CI) | P-value | ||
| Any heart failure | 111/2297 | 1.91 (1.17–3.10) | 0.01 | 1.78 (1.04–3.04) | 0.04 | 1.77 (1.02–3.02) | 0.04 |
| Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction | 56/2297 | 2.27 (1.21–4.25) | 0.01 | 2.44 (1.23–4.83) | 0.01 | 2.44 (1.23–4.84) | 0.01 |
| Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction | 47/2297 | 1.21 (0.52–2.85) | 0.65 | 0.97 (0.37–2.51) | 0.95 | 0.95 (0.36–2.46) | 0.91 |
Hazard ratios (HR) for heart failure (including subtypes) for each model. The HR is presented as per doubling of SLPI and interpreted as per one unit on the log base 2 scale of SLPI measurement with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Model 1 adjusted for age, race, and gender. Model 2 further adjusted for body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication treatment, diabetes mellitus, smoking, total cholesterol, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Model 3 additionally adjusted for C-reactive protein (CRP).