FIG. 6.

Paraspinal muscle force with the increase in bag weight (as a percentage of body weight (BW)) in the (A) backpack model, (B) shoulder bag model, and (C) handbag model. The assessed muscles were the psoas major muscle (PS), iliocostalis muscle (IL), quadratus lumborum muscle (QL), latissimus dorsi muscle (LD), longissimus muscle (LG), and multifidus muscle (MF)