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. 2022 Dec 16;11(4):391–406. doi: 10.3233/JHD-220526

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© 2022 – The authors. Published by IOS Press

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 5 — Change in metabolite concentration of HD sheep. A) Top row shows metabolite concentration of individual HD females (n = 5) sampled at 9 and 10 years of age illustrating increases in gliosis marker (Ins), decrease in neuronal health marker (NAA, NAA+NAAG) over 1 year. Two HD sheep showed increase in marker of demyelination (GPC+PCh). Bottom row shows metabolite concentrations of control females (n = 4) sampled at 9 and 10 years of age. Metabolite concentrations are normalized to the mean metabolite concentration in normal sheep. Marker of energy metabolism (Cr+PCr) for all the HD males (n = 7) and HD females (n = 25) showed significant correlation with (B) clinical rating score and (C) strabismus. mHTT levels in CSF of HD females (n = 5) sampled at 9 and 10 years of age showed negative association with (D) marker of energy metabolism (Cr+PCr) and (E) marker of neuronal health (NAA+NAAG). M and F in the legends represent male and female sheep respectively.