Fe-TA@P(AM-AA)
exhibits obvious antioxidant capacity and improves
the inflammatory microenvironment under high-glucose conditions in
vitro. (A) Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production
of macrophages cocultured with different hydrogel extracts for 48
h. (B) Free radical scavenging test for different composite hydrogels
in vitro by incubation with DPPH for 30 min. (C) Intracellular superoxide
dismutase (SOD) activity of macrophages cocultured with different
hydrogel extracts for 48 h. (D) Intracellular catalase (CAT) activity
of macrophages cocultured with different hydrogel extracts under high-glucose
conditions for 48 h. (E, F) RT-qPCR analysis of the expression levels
of M1 macrophage markers (IL1β, IL6, and TNFα) and M2
macrophage markers (IL4, IL10, and CCL2) in THP-1 cells cocultured
with hydrogel extracts under high-glucose conditions for 48 h. (G)
Percentage of CD206+ M2 macrophages measured by flow cytometry after
coculturing with hydrogel extracts under high-glucose conditions for
48 h. (H, I) Immunofluorescence of macrophage M1 and M2 polarization
status induced by hydrogel extracts under high-glucose conditions
in vitro.