Table 5—
Long Run Effects of Subway Openings in High AOD Cities
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Panel A | ||||||
| 1–12 months post | −0.0177 (0.0163) | −0.0208 (0.0153) | −0.0227 (0.0160) | −0.0236 (0.0160) | −0.0304 (0.0158) | −0.0306 (0.0168) |
| 13–24 months post | −0.0184 (0.0153) | −0.0224 (0.0130) | −0.0253 (0.0169) | −0.0279 (0.0141) | −0.0209 (0.0167) | −0.0242 (0.0150) |
| 25–36 months post | −0.0429 (0.0161) | −0.0441 (0.0125) | −0.0405 (0.0152) | −0.0437 (0.0132) | ||
| 37–48 months post | −0.0333 (0.0195) | −0.0416 (0.0167) | ||||
| Satellite | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Cont. × year | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| City × cal. mo. | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Climate × cont. | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Mean AOD | 0.64 | 0.42 | 0.64 | 0.42 | 0.60 | 0.42 |
| R 2 | 0.70 | 0.75 | 0.70 | 0.75 | 0.73 | 0.75 |
| Number of events | 27 | 27 | 24 | 24 | 21 | 21 |
| Number of cities | 27 | 488 | 24 | 485 | 21 | 482 |
| Observations | 10,169 | 18,2821 | 8,993 | 181,645 | 7,840 | 180,492 |
| Panel B | ||||||
| Average post | −0.0180 (0.0139) | −0.0216 (0.0122) | −0.0295 (0.0132) | −0.0319 (0.0106) | −0.0306 (0.0125) | −0.0350 (0.0116) |
| Bootstrap p-value | 0.213 | 0.095 | 0.030 | 0.008 | 0.025 | 0.008 |
Notes: Dependent variable is mean AOD in a 10km disk with centroid in the city center. Even-numbered columns include all non-subway cities. All specifications control for city fixed effects, city-specific pre-window indicators, city-specific post-window indicators, and city-specific period-0 indicators. Climate controls are pixel count and linear and quadratic terms in temperature, precipitation, cloud cover, vapor pressure, and frost days. Standard errors clustered at the city level are in parentheses.