Table 5.

Results from the unconditional model, main effects model, and interaction model controlling for word reading.

	Unconditional Model			Main Effects Model			Interaction Model
Parameter	Logit	z-value	p-value	Logit	z-value	p-value	Logit	z-value	p-value
Intercept	1.29	3.70	<0.001**	1.26	6.20	<.001**	0.94	3.68	<0.001**
Word-Level Predictors
C1: Poly vs Mono words				0.04	0.46	.933	−0.12	−0.28	0.781
C2: Trans vs NonTrans words				1.53	3.25	.001**	1.47	3.23	0.001**
SPTR				−2.20	−4.26	<.001**	−1.92	−3.73	<0.001**
Number of letters				0.01	0.04	.971	−0.02	−0.23	0.819
Frequency				0.07	3.36	<.001**	0.07	3.67	<0.001**
Concreteness				0.55	2.90	.003*	0.27	1.18	0.237
Person-Level Predicts
Grade				0.22	1.29	.198	0.22	1.29	0.198
Morphological Awareness				0.05	0.74	.458	0.05	.747	0.455
Phonological Awareness				0.10	4.13	<.001**	0.10	4.13	<0.001**
Sight Word Efficiency				0.06	4.52	<.001**	0.06	4.52	<0.001**
Vocabulary				0.02	0.74	.460	0.02	.74	0.247
Set for Variability				0.06	3.56	<.001**	0.06	3.57	<0.001**
Interactions
C1 × Concreteness							−0.79	−2.00	0.046*
C1 × Set for Variability							0.001	0.06	0.951
C1 × Vocabulary							0.001	.01	0.989
Random Effects	Variance			Variance	% var explained		Variance	% var explained
Person	3.768			0.700	81.42		0.697	81.50
Word	3.719			1.406	62.19		1.288	65.38

Note. C1 = Contrast 1; C2 = Contrast 2; Poly = Polymorphemic; Mono = Monomorphemic; Trans = Transparent; SPTR = Spelling to pronunciation transparency rating.

^*p < .05

^**p < .001.