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. 2022 Oct 24;18(6):1196–1202. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.358614

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Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research

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Iron/lipofuscin accumulation and lipid peroxidation: a feedback loop in neurodegenerative diseases.

1. Lipid peroxidation in mitochondrial, lysosomal, endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membranes caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), tert-butylhydroperoxide (tBHP), calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI (iPLA2β) mutations, or iron. 2. Lipid peroxidation is enhanced by ROS and Fenton reaction leading to autophagy, lysosomal and mitochondrial dysfunction. 3. Aggregation of peroxided protein and lipids lead to lipofuscinogenesis. 4. Iron-rich lipofuscin granules increase lipid peroxidation. Eventually, neurons die by ferroptosis.