TABLE 1.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients with COVID-19, MIS-C and Healthy Controls
| COVID-19 (n = 81) | MIS-C (n = 26) | Controls (n = 10) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Total | Total | |||||||
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 14 | (5.8–16) | 81 | 9 | (5–13) | 26 | 10.8 | (4.3) | 10 |
| Sex, female, n (%) | 39 | (48.1) | 81 | 11 | (42.3) | 26 | 6 | (60.0) | 10 |
| Race, n (%) | |||||||||
| Asian | 2 | (2.5) | 81 | 1 | (3.8) | 26 | 0 | (0.0) | 10 |
| Black | 35 | (43.2) | 81 | 19 | (73.1) | 26 | 4 | (40.0) | 10 |
| White | 41 | (50.6) | 81 | 5 | (19.2) | 26 | 5 | (50.0) | 10 |
| Declined | 4 | (4.9) | 81 | 1 | (3.8) | 26 | 0 | (0.0) | 10 |
| Other | 0 | (0) | 81 | 0 | (0) | 26 | 1 | (10.0) | 10 |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||||||||
| Hispanic | 22 | (27.2) | 81 | 3 | (11.5) | 26 | 3 | (30.0) | 10 |
| Not Hispanic | 59 | (72.8) | 81 | 23 | (88.5) | 26 | 7 | (70.0) | 10 |
| Immune compromise, n (%) | |||||||||
| Diabetes | 6 | (7.4) | 81 | 0 | (0) | 26 | |||
| Sickle Cell Trait | 0 | (0) | 81 | 1 | (3.8) | 26 | |||
| Sickle Cell Disease | 3 | (3.7) | 81 | 1 | (3.8) | 26 | |||
| Lupus | 2 | (2.5) | 81 | 0 | (0) | 26 | |||
| Leukemia | 3 | (3.7) | 81 | 0 | (0) | 26 | |||
| Lymphoma | 1 | (1.2) | 81 | 0 | (0) | 26 | |||
| Other genetic disorders | 2 | (2.5) | 81 | 0 | (0) | 26 | |||
| Solid Organ Transplant | 1 | (1.2) | 81 | 0 | (0) | 26 | |||
| Timing of sampling | |||||||||
| Day of illnessa, mean (SD) | 5.7 | (3.3) | 81 | 5.7 | (3) | 26 | |||
| Day of hospitalization,mean (SD) | 2.3 | (1.9) | 81 | 1.7 | (1.7) | 26 | |||
| Symptoms, n (%) | |||||||||
| Fever | 60 | (74.1) | 81 | 25 | (96.2) | 26 | |||
| Respiratory symptoms | 51 | (63) | 81 | 10 | (38.5) | 26 | |||
| Anosmia or Ageusia | 7 | (8.6) | 81 | 1 | (3.8) | 26 | |||
| Gastrointestinal symptoms | 48 | (59.3) | 81 | 20 | (76.9) | 26 | |||
| Neurological symptoms | 26 | (32.1) | 81 | 12 | (46.2) | 26 | |||
| Ocular symptoms | 5 | (6.2) | 81 | 10 | (38.5) | 26 | |||
| Chest radiograph, n (%) | |||||||||
| Infiltrates | 33 | (51.6) | 64 | 12 | (52.2) | 23 | |||
| Pleural effusion | 10 | (15.9) | 63 | 6 | (27.3) | 22 | |||
| Outcomes | |||||||||
| WHO ordinal scale,bmean (SD) | 3.9 | (1.1) | 81 | ||||||
| Duration of hospitalization, mean (SD) | 6.1 | (5) | 81 | 6.9 | (3.8) | 26 | |||
| Days of ICU, mean (SD) | 4.9 | (4.4) | 35 | 5.1 | (2.2) | 17 | |||
| ICU admission, n (%) | 36 | (44.4) | 81 | 18 | (69.2) | 26 | |||
| Low flow O2, n (%) | 39 | (48.1) | 81 | 15 | (57.7) | 26 | |||
| Mechanical Ventilation, n (%) | 3 | (3.7) | 81 | 1 | (3.8) | 26 | |||
| Vasopressors, n (%) | 4 | (4.9) | 81 | 13 | (50) | 26 | |||
| Death, n (%) | 1 | (1.2) | 81 | 0 | (0) | 26 | |||
a
Day of illness describes days from the onset of COVID-19 symptoms for COVID-19 patients and days from the onset of MIS-C symptoms for MIS-C patients, many of whom did not have a distinct preceding acute COVID-19 syndrome.
b
WHO ordinal scale was designed for patients with COVID-19 and therefore was not calculated for patients with MIS-C or healthy controls in this study.