Table 1.

BOLD response to cognitive difficulty, and its moderation and mediation of age effects on fluid intelligence, for cortical network ROIs (N = 154)

	ΔBOLD response (difficult – easy)			Moderation (age:ΔBOLD interaction)			Mediation (age → ΔBOLD → IQ)
Network	Cohen's d	p	FDR-adjusted p	Cohen's d	p	FDR-adjusted p	ab	p (a and b)	FDR-adjusted p (a and b)
Core multiple-demanda	1.282	<0.001	<0.001b	0.163	0.045	0.636	−0.076	<0.001	0.002b
Frontoparietal	1.026	<0.001	<0.001b	0.097	0.228	0.800	−0.049	0.004	0.015b
Dorsal-attention	0.849	<0.001	<0.001b	0.043	0.593	0.980	−0.087	<0.001	0.002b
Secondary visual	0.822	<0.001	<0.001b	−0.019	0.815	0.980	−0.067	<0.001	0.002b
Primary visual	0.425	<0.001	<0.001b	−0.103	0.205	0.800	−0.024	0.200	0.399
Ventral multimodal	0.219	0.007	0.011b	−0.033	0.687	0.980	−0.023	0.032	0.089
Language	0.179	0.027	0.035b	−0.018	0.823	0.980	−0.004	0.778	0.980
Orbito-affective	0.052	0.520	0.520	−0.006	0.939	0.980	−0.017	0.090	0.211
Posterior multimodal	−0.126	0.120	0.129	0.002	0.980	0.980	0.010	0.980	0.980
Cingulo-opercular	−0.135	0.095	0.111	−0.006	0.944	0.980	<0.001	0.972	0.980
Default	−0.180	0.027	0.035b	0.010	0.901	0.980	0.023	0.964	0.980
Core default-modea	−0.572	<0.001	<0.001b	−0.016	0.846	0.980	0.026	0.856	0.980
Auditory	−0.722	<0.001	<0.001b	−0.079	0.331	0.928	0.017	0.938	0.980
Somatomotor	−1.018	<0.001	<0.001b	−0.126	0.120	0.800	0.007	0.910	0.980

^aNetworks defined based on conjunction of response to easy/difficult conditions using data from three Human Connectome Project tasks as presented in Assem et al. (2020a); remaining networks are defined from functional connectivity as presented in Ji et al. (2019).

^bSignificant results after FDR correction (adjusted p < 0.05).