Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jan 13.
Published in final edited form as: Biling (Camb Engl). 2022 Mar 8;25(5):899–912. doi: 10.1017/s1366728922000104

Table 1.

Correlations among Language Measures, Descriptive Statistics, and Reliabilities

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 E WJ-III Memory for Sentences -- .34** .34** .29** .27** .30** .07 .03 .13 .12
2 E CELF-4 Sentence Assembly .34** -- .15 .23* .24* .15 .09 .09 .15 .07
3 E WJ-III Picture Vocabulary .34** .18* -- .23* .38** −.20* −.14 −.16* −.02 .39**
4 E WJ-III Understanding Directions .28** .22* .23* -- .29** .14 −.02 .14 .10 .01
5 E ROWPVT-4 .26** .25* .39** .28** -- .05 .08 −.02 .19* .12
6 S Batería-III Memory for Sentences .31** .18* −.20* .13 0.05 -- .69** .59** .55** −.44*
7 S Batería-III Picture Vocabulary .06 .07 −.15 −.02 .07 .70** -- .63** .61** −.59**
8 S Batería-III Understanding Directions .04 .04 −.15 .11 −.04 .60** .65** -- .43** −.44**
9 S ROWPVT-Bilingual+ .08 .18* −.02 .12 .20* .49** .51** .36** -- −.28**
10 ROWPVT Self-Report .12 .08 .38** .01 .12 −.46** −.59** −.41** −.20* --
Mean Age-Based Standard Score 73.44 5.29 76.42 84.11 82.44 70.11 71.52 76.24 80.29 2.17++
SD 13.12 2.38 9.50 9.18 12.68 19.48 19.37 18.23 16.58 0.35
Reliability (Cronbach’s Alpha) .71 .86 .76 .75 .95 .81 .88 .95 .98 .67

Note. Values below the diagonal represent correlations between age-based standard scores. Values above the diagonal indicate correlations between standardized raw scores. WJ-III = Woodcock Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities, Third Edition; CELF-4 = Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals, Fourth Edition; ROWPVT-4 = Receptive One Word Picture Vocabulary Test, Fourth Edition; ROWPVT-Bilingual = Receptive One Word Picture Vocabulary Test, Bilingual Edition. All age-based standard scores reported have a mean of 100 and standard deviation of 15, with the exception of the CELF-4 which uses scaled scores with a mean of 10 and standard deviation of 3.

*

p < .05

**

p < .001

+

Age-based standard scores were obtained through standard administration of the test, whereas standardized raw scores were obtained through modified administration.

++

Age-based standard scores are not available for this measure. Mean and standard deviation of raw scores are reported.