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Flow diagram of 58 patients enrolled in the study. aRepresents ypT, cN0 stage. bRepresents yp stage. c, clinical; CAPOX, capecitabine-oxaliplatin; mFOLFOX, modified folinic acid–flurouracil-oxaliplatin 6; N, node; oOPR, observed organ preservation rate; psOPR, protocol-specified organ preservation rate; T, tumor; TES, transanal excision surgery; TME, total mesorectal excision; yp, pathologic stage following systemic or radiation therapy prior to surgery.
