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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2022 May 27;15(6):e010502. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.121.010502

Figure 3. Low Voltage Zone outside Posterior Wall and Pulmonary Veins, Associated with Post-Surgical AF recurrence, Treated with Endocardial Ablation.

Figure 3.

. (A) High density mapping (3,400 points) shows isolated PW box and PVs (red; < 0.1 mV). LVZ in yellow circles (0.11–0.3 mV) along the mitral isthmus and lateral LA, showing (B) LVZ (>0.1 mV; yellow box). (C) Ablation (pink tags) completed by a line from the mitral isthmus to the left inferior PV. AF did not terminate. (C) Post-cardioversion voltage map in sinus rhythm confirmed absence of prior LVZ, PV and PW isolation. This patient was free of AF and AT 1 year off anti-arrhythmic medications.