. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jan 9.

Published in final edited form as: Cancer Cell. 2022 Nov 17;41(1):58–69. doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.10.016

Table 2.

Target antigens for engineered T cell therapy in solid cancers

Class	Examples	Normal tissue expression	Clinical trial outcomes^a
Class	Examples	Normal tissue expression	Antigen-targeting receptor	Cancer type	Tumor responses (responses/N)	On-target toxicity
Shared tumor/self	MART1, gp100, CEA, CA9, ERBB2, ROR1, GD2, GPC3, CLDN18.2	Variable	MART1 TCR⁵²	Melanoma	6/20	Skin, eye and ear
			gp100 TCR⁵²	Melanoma	3/16	Skin, eye and ear
			CEA TCR⁵³	Colorectal carcinoma	1/3	Colon
			CA9 CAR⁵⁴	Renal cell carcinoma	0/12	Liver
			ERBB2 CAR⁵⁵	Colorectal carcinoma	0/1	Heart and lung
			CLDN18.2 CAR¹⁰	Gastrointestinal cancers	18/37	GI mucosa
Cancer germline	NY-ESO-1, select MAGE antigens, KK-LC-1	Germ cells	NY-ESO-1 TCR⁵⁰	Synovial cell sarcoma, melanoma	22/38	None
			NY-ESO-1 TCR⁵⁷	Synovial cell sarcoma	6/12	None
			NY-ESO-1 TCR⁵⁸	Synovial cell sarcoma	9/30	None
			MAGE-A3 TCR⁴³	Solid tumors	4/17	None
			MAGE-A3/A9/A12⁶⁴	Solid tumors	5/9	Brain^b
Neoantigen (mutation, frameshift, splice variant, etc.)	Mutant RAS, mutant BRAF, EGFRvIII	None	N/A^c	N/A^c	N/A^c	N/A^c
Viral	HPV, HBV, EBV	None	E6 TCR⁹	HPV-associated cancers	2/12	None
Viral	HPV, HBV, EBV	None	E7 TCR⁸	HPV-associated cancers	6/12	None

Only clinical trials in which systemic administration of engineered T cell therapy resulted in on-target toxicity or ≥2 objective tumor responses as measured by RECIST criteria are included.

Toxicity interpretation is confounded by the targeting of an epitope shared by multiple MAGE family members and uncertainty about the expression of each MAGE antigen in the brain. Targeting of MAGE-A12 was via an epitope that differed from the MAGE-A3 epitope by one residue, at an HLA-A*02:01 anchor site (position 2).

Not applicable. Awaiting publication.