Table 4.
Adjusted multivariable analysis of up-to-date cervical cancer screening by race/ethnicity, Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System, 2016–2020 (n=235,713).
| Non-Hispanic White | Non-Hispanic Black | Hispanic | Non-Hispanic AI/AN | Non-Hispanic Asian | Non-Hispanic Other | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
|
| ||||||
| Age | ||||||
| 30–39 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 40–49 | 0.36 (0.33, 0.40) a | 0.41 (0.32, 0.53) a | 0.48 (0.39, 0.60) a | 0.53 (0.34, 0.83) b | 0.63 (0.44, 0.91) c | 0.56 (0.38, 0.83) b |
| 50–59 | 0.21 (0.19, 0.24) a | 0.25 (0.18, 0.33) a | 0.31 (0.24, 0.40) a | 0.34 (0.21, 0.54) a | 0.40 (0.25, 0.63) a | 0.36 (0.23, 0.54) a |
| 60–64 | 0.15 (0.14, 0.17) a | 0.16 (0.12, 0.23) a | 0.22 (0.16, 0.31) a | 0.29 (0.18, 0.49) a | 0.38 (0.21, 0.69) b | 0.31 (0.19, 0.49) a |
|
| ||||||
| Marital Status | ||||||
| Not Married | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Married/Cohabiting | 1.12 (1.05, 1.19) a | 1.06 (0.88, 1.28) | 1.30 (1.11, 1.53) b | — | 1.26 (0.91, 1.75) | — |
|
| ||||||
| Education | ||||||
| < High school | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| High school | 1.17 (1.01, 1.34) c | 1.20 (0.88, 1.64) | 0.89 (0.72, 1.09) | 0.95 (0.55, 1.62) | 1.80 (0.83, 3.88) | 1.37 (0.76, 2.47) |
| > High School | 1.62 (1.41, 1.86) a | 2.07 (1.51, 2.83) a | 1.07 (0.88, 1.31) | 1.14 (0.70, 1.87) | 2.50 (1.24, 5.04) c | 1.88 (1.15, 3.06) c |
|
| ||||||
| Employment Status | ||||||
| Unemployed | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Employed | 1.18 (1.10, 1.25) a | 1.34 (1.10, 1.64) a | 1.14 (0.96, 1.36) | — | — | 1.37 (0.99, 1.91) |
|
| ||||||
| Household Income | ||||||
| <$15,000 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| $15,000–49,000 | 1.16 (1.03, 1.31) c | 1.03 (0.80, 1.32) | 1.09 (0.86, 1.39) | 1.48 (0.94, 2.34) | 1.37 (0.77, 2.43) | 1.16 (0.67, 2.00) |
| $50,000 or more | 1.71 (1.50, 1.95) a | 1.22 (0.87, 1.70) | 1.25 (0.94, 1.66) | 2.61 (1.58, 4.34) a | 2.75 (1.56, 4.86) a | 1.20 (0.69, 2.07) |
| Missing | 1.36 (1.19, 1.55) a | 0.66 (0.49,0.89) b | 0.96 (0.74, 1.25) | 1.49 (0.80, 2.77) | 1.46 (0.78, 2.73) | 1.19 (0.65, 2.18) |
|
| ||||||
| Health Insurance | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.80 (1.64, 1.98) a | 1.42 (1.14, 1.78) b | 1.28 (1.06, 1.55) c | 1.96 (1.24, 3.10) b | 1.25 (0.81, 1.92) | 1.96 (1.27, 3.03) a |
|
| ||||||
| General Health | ||||||
| Poor/Fair | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Good/Better | 1.61 (1.48, 1.74) a | 1.33 (1.08, 1.65) b | 1.15 (0.96, 1.38) | — | — | 1.38 (0.69, 1.51) |
|
| ||||||
| Had a Personal Physician | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.55 (1.43, 1.67) a | 2.13 (1.69, 2.69) a | 1.35 (1.10, 1.65) b | 1.45 (1.00, 2.10) c | 1.65 (1.17, 2.32) b | 1.36 (0.94, 1.95) |
|
| ||||||
| Routine Check-up | ||||||
| > 5 years/Never | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| < 1 year | 9.25 (8.33, 10.26) a | 11.95 (7.68, 18.59) a | 6.44 (4.89, 8.47) a | 7.71 (4.18, | 4.93 (2.79, 8.72) a | 13.57 (7.34, 25.07) a |
| 1 – < 5 years | 4.35 (3.91, 4.84) a | 4.97 (3.17, 7.79) a | 3.28 (2.52, 4.27) a |
14.23)
a
4.15 (2.18, 7.90) a |
2.65 (1.46, 4.79) b | 6.04 (3.23, 11.28) a |
|
| ||||||
| Had a Mammogram | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 2.97 (2.72, 3.25) a | 2.75 (2.18, 3.47) a | 2.74 (2.22, 3.37) a | — | 3.78 (2.62, 5.45) a | — |
Boldface indicates statistical significance
a
P < 0.001
b
p <0.01
c
p < 0.05
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; AI/AN, American Indian/Alaska Native
Models were adjusted for survey year