Table 6.
Adjusted multivariable analysis of HPV testing in past 5 years, by race/ethnicity, Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System, 2016–2020 (n=170,965)
| Non-Hispanic White | Non-Hispanic Black | Hispanicd | Non-Hispanic AI/ANd | Non-Hispanic Asiand | Non-Hispanic Otherd | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
|
| ||||||
| Age | ||||||
| 30–39 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 40–49 | 0.50 (0.47, 0.54) a | 0.60 (0.52, 0.71) a | 0.74 (0.63, 0.86) a | 0.74 (0.50, 1.12) | 0.95 (0.71, 1.29) | 0.70 (0.50, 0.98) c |
| 50–59 | 0.30 (0.27, 0.32) a | 0.33 (0.28, 0.40) a | 0.45 (0.40, 0.55) a | 0.39 (0.26, 0.58) a | 0.52 (0.36, 0.76) b | 0.42 (0.30, 0.59) a |
| 60–64 | 0.19 (0.17, 0.20) a | 0.21 (0.17, 0.27) a | 0.26 (0.20, 0.34) a | 0.50 (0.27, 0.94) c | 0.62 (0.34, 1.13) | 0.33 (0.21, 0.52) a |
|
| ||||||
| Marital Status | ||||||
| Not Married | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Married/Cohabiting | 0.80 (0.75, 0.84) a | 0.74 (0.65, 0.84) a | — | — | — | — |
|
| ||||||
| Education | ||||||
| < High school | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| High school | 1.21 (1.03, 1.43) c | 1.12 (0.88, 1.41) | 1.15 (0.96, 1.37) | |||
| > High School | 1.51 (1.28, 1.77) a | 1.46 (1.16, 1.84) b | 1.66 (1.41, 1.97) a | — | — | — |
|
| ||||||
| Employment Status | ||||||
| Unemployed | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Employed | 1.08 (1.02, 1.15) b | 1.11 (0.96, 1.28) | 0.94 (0.83, 1.07) | — | — | 1.19 (0.90, 1.58) |
|
| ||||||
| Household Income | ||||||
| <$15,000 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| $15,000–49,000 | 1.02 (0.91, 1.15) | 1.15 (0.95, 1.39) | 1.33 (1.11, 1.60) b | 1.67 (0.89, 3.14) | ||
| $50,000 or more | 1.11 (0.99, 1.25) | 1.31 (1.05, 1.65) c | 1.48 (1.18, 1.84) b | 2.86 (1.60, 5.14) b | ||
| Missing | 0.90 (0.79, 1.02) | 0.96 (0.75, 1.23) | 0.99 (0.79, 1.23) | — | 2.07 (1.07, 4.00) c | — |
|
| ||||||
| Health Insurance | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.32 (1.19, 1.45) a | 1.04 (0.86, 1.27) | 1.18 (1.00, 1.38) c | 1.88 (1.07, 3.29) | 1.65 (1.02, 2.66) c | 1.34 (0.88, 2.03) |
|
| ||||||
| General Health | ||||||
| Poor/Fair | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Good/Better | 1.10 (1.01, 1.18) c | 1.14 (0.98, 1.33) | 1.11 (0.96, 1.29) | — | — | — |
|
| ||||||
| Had a Personal Physician | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 1.20 (1.12, 1.30) a | 1.66 (1.39, 1.99) a | 1.26 (1.08, 1.48) b | 1.23 (0.83, 1.81) | — | — |
|
| ||||||
| Routine Check-up | ||||||
| > 5 years/Never | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| < 1 year | 2.95 (2.60, 3.34) a | 3.60 (2.34, 5.54) a | 3.40 (2.49, 4.65) a | 3.21 (1.55, 6.65) b | 2.61 (1.44, 4.73) b | 4.51 (2.26, 8.99) a |
| 1 – < 5 years | 2.39 (2.11, 2.72) a | 2.59 (1.66, 4.06) a | 2.45 (1.78, 3.38) a | 1.99 (0.89, 4.44) | 2.27 (1.20, 4.30) c | 3.69 (1.80, 7.58) a |
|
| ||||||
| Had a Mammogram | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 1.47 (1.37, 1.57) a | 1.44 (1.24, 1.67) a | 1.62 (1.39, 1.88) a | — | — | — |
Boldface indicates statistical significance
a
P < 0.001
b
p <0.01
c
p < 0.05
d
Empty cells: Variables not included in the multivariable model since p > 0.05 in the bivariate model
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; AI/AN, American Indian/Alaska Native
Models adjusted for survey year