Table 4.

Students’ perceived favourable online learning strategies used by teachers

Main categories	Categories	Code	Examples of tools and/or strategies
Engagement	Checking understanding	Using games to challenge students	Quizziz, Kahoot!
		Using interactive activities as formative assessment	Nearpod
		Creating opportunities for questions	Q&A Session
	Content & case studies	Making the content interesting and relatable	Making reference to students’ daily lives
		Use of real-life examples to spark curiosity	News articles, natural disaster events
		Application of content	Real-life problem solving scenarios
	Meaningful digital tools	Tools that are straightforward and simple to use	Zoom, Whatsapp to aid in communication
		Tools that can allow students to showcase creativity	Canva, BandLab
Interactions	Teacher–student connection	Positive relationship formation	Chit-chat session
		Creating a pleasant and enjoyable learning environment	Incorporating humour into online lessons
	Student–student connection	Peer activities and discussions	Padlet for collaborative learning
	Positive classroom culture	More comfortable to ask questions in the online classrooms	Teacher support and understanding