TABLE 2.
Baseline characteristics of individuals who completed one, two, or three visits of the study.
| One visit | Two visits | Three visits | p-value | p-value (age/sex corrected) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||
| Participants, n | 43 | 47 | 152 | ||
| Control/PD | 22/21 | 17/30 | 81/71 | .120 | .163 |
| Age, years | 65.8 ± 11.3 | 65.9 ± 10.2 | 62.5 ± 9.0 | .035 | n/a |
| Sex(M/F) | 16/27 | 18/29 | 78/74 | .125 | n/a |
| Education, years | 15.3 ± 2.5 | 15.1 ± 2.7 | 15.3 ± 2.9 | .885 | .781 |
| Disease duration, years | 3.7 ± 4.5 | 5.1 ± 5.3 | 3.7 ± 4.4 | .370 | .433 |
| HY Score | 1.1 ± 1.1 | 1.2 ± 1 | 0.8 ± 1 | .012 | .086 |
| UPDRSII | 3.9 ± 5.3 | 6.9 ± 8 | 4.4 ± 6.6 | .071 | .107 |
| UPDRSIII | 16.6 ± 15.8 | 15.3 ± 12.4 | 9.7 ± 11.7 | .002 | .024* |
| LEDD, mg | 344.1 ± 387.8 | 713.4 ± 482.6 | 522 ± 410.1 | .010 | .012* |
| Structural MRI metrics | |||||
| Frontostriatal structures | |||||
| Striatal volume, mm3 | 7430 ± 735 | 7372 ± 683 | 7610 ± 645 | .059 | .231 |
| FSWM FA | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0 | 0.4 ± 0 | .074 | .444 |
| Limbic structures | |||||
| Hippocampal volume, mm3 | 4012 ± 405 | 4010 ± 331 | 4086 ± 326 | .260 | .480 |
| Fornix FA | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0 | 0.3 ± 0 | 0.031 | .098 |
| Reference structure | |||||
| Thalamic volume, mm3 | 7091 ± 679 | 7170 ± 620 | 7212 ± 500 | .451 | .454 |
| CST FA | 0.5 ± 0.0 | 0.5 ± 0 | 0.5 ± 0 | .236 | .324 |
| Cognitive metrics (MoCA) | |||||
| Total | 25.7 ± 2.5 | 25.4 ± 2.8 | 25.6 ± 2.4 | .789 | .065 |
| Attention/Executive score | 9.2 ± 0.8 | 8.8 ± 1.2 | 9.2 ± 0.9 | .045 | .249 |
| Memory score | 8.5 ± 1.8 | 8.6 ± 1.7 | 8.5 ± 1.6 | .884 | .834 |
Note: Data are presented as number (n) or mean ± standard deviation. p-value compares each visit type using analysis of variance. Significance (*) represents p-value < .05.
Abbreviations: CST, corticospinal tract; FA, fractional anisotropy; F, female; HY, Hoehn and Yahr; LEDD, levodopa equivalent daily dosage; FSWM, frontostriatal white matter; M, male.