Table 1: Baseline Demographics of Total Cohort and Stratified by Progenitor Cell Score.
Mean (SD) shown unless stated. BMI indicates body mass index; CABG, coronary artery
| Baseline characteristics | All n=1366 | Progenitor Cell Score* | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 (N=494) | 1 (N=522) | 2 (N=350) | |||
| Age, y | 65.2 +/− 13.1 | 63.9 +/− 13.5 | 66.6 +/− 12.5 | 67.9 +/− 12.0 | <0.001 |
| Male, N (%) | 810 (59.3) | 325 (65.8) | 304 (58.2) | 181 (51.7) | <0.001 |
| Black, N (%) | 275 (20.1) | 106 (21.5) | 105 (20.1) | 64 (18.3) | 0.527 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 29.4 +/− 6.4 | 30.1 +/− 6.4 | 28.9 +/− 6.4 | 29.4 +/− 6.7 | 0.002 |
| History of MI, N (%) | 276 (20.1) | 105 (21.3) | 95 (18.4) | 76 (22.0) | 0.343 |
| Diabetes, N (%) | 535 (41.4) | 176 (35.9) | 202 (38.8) | 157 (45.2) | 0.023 |
| Hypertension, N (%) | 1213 (88.8) | 437 (89.2) | 464 (88.9) | 312 (90.2) | 0.829 |
| Dyslipidemia, N (%) | 1014 (74.2) | 378 (76.8) | 383 (73.4) | 253 (72.9) | 0.330 |
| Current smoking, N (%) | 63 (4.6) | 19 (4.3) | 28 (5.9) | 16 (4.7) | 0.479 |
| History of CABG, N (%) | 324 (23.7) | 116 (23.5) | 127 (24.3) | 81 (23.1) | 0.911 |
| History of PCI, N (%) | 610 (44.7) | 168 (45.0) | 326 (40.9) | 116 (39.9) | 0.627 |
| Obstructive CAD**, N (%) | 1055 (77.2) | 347 (70.2) | 404 (77.4) | 304 (86.9) | <0.001 |
| History of heart failure, N (%) | 465 (34.0) | 157 (31.8) | 173 (33.1) | 135 (38.6) | 0.105 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 69.1 +/− 26.5 | 75.4 +/− 22.5 | 71.2 +/− 22.1 | 71.7 +/− 22.4 | 0.006 |
| History of peripheral vascular disease, N (%) | 251 (18.9) | 69 (14) | 94 (18.0) | 88 (25.4) | <0.001 |
| History of stroke, N (%) | 158 (11.7) | 49 (10.1) | 60 (12.0) | 49 (14.3) | 0.183 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF %) | 53 +/− 12.6 | 52.5 +/− 13.7 | 53.5 +/− 12.2 | 53.1 +/− 11.7 | 0.664 |
| PC populations (cells/mL) *** | |||||
| CD34+ | 1679 (1048–2514) | 2470 (850–10480) | 1470 (60–11940) | 1060 (0–3310) | <0.001 |
| CD34+/CD133+ | 760 (456–1207) | 1100 (100–9290) | 690 (0–6330) | 500 (0–2550) | <0.001 |
| CD34+/VEGFR2+ | 41 (21–138) | 240 (30–3660) | 40 (0–610) | 10 (0–20) | <0.001 |
| CD34+/CXCR4+ | 820 (487–1360) | 1680 (80–6280) | 710 (60–10470) | 440 (0–790) | <0.001 |
| Outcomes (3.1 year follow-up) | |||||
| Death, N (%) | 221 (16.6) | 66 (13.4) | 80 (15.3) | 75 (23.0) | 0.007 |
| CV death, N (%) | 143 (10.8) | 43 (8.7) | 55(10.5) | 45 (12.9) | 0.023 |
| MI, N (%) | 29 (2.1) | 8 (1.6) | 10 (1.9) | 11 (3.1) | 0.013 |
bypass grafting; CAD, coronary artery disease; MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; CXCR4, chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4; VEGFR2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2.
Stratified by Progenitor Cell (PC) Score (0,1,2). PC Score of 2 indicates both CD34+/CXCR4+ and CD34+/VEGFR2+ cells are below the ROC-derived cutoff, PC Score 1 indicates either CD34+/CXCR4+ or CD34+/VEGFR2+ are below the ROC-derived cutoff, and PC Score 0, with both CD34+/CXCR4+ cells and CD34+/VEGF2R+ cells above the ROC-derived cutoff. Cutoffs used were 25 cells/milliliter for CD34+/VEGFR2+ cells and 794 cells/milliliter for CD34+/CXCR+ cells (see Methods section of this article).
Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) defined as ≥50% stenosis in ≥1 epicardial coronary artery
Cell counts shown as median [interquartile range]