Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Jan-Feb;13(1):58–69. doi: 10.22038/AJP.2022.21307

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

(A-H) Histological changes of testicular tissue after treatment with CS and C. intybus leaf extract. Exposure to CS led to a significant reduction of Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids. C. intybus leaf extract in combination with CS increased the mentioned cells. The increase in spermatogonia was significant compared to the CS group (scale bar of top row: 100 µm; scale bar of bottom row: 20 µm). (I) The histogram shows the number (mean±SEM) of mentioned cells per tubule in different groups (n=6 / group). Differences between groups were compared by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. CS: cigarette smoke. *statistically different from the control group (p<0.5), +statistically different from the smoke group (p<0.5), #statistically different from the smoke+extract group (p<0.5)