Table 4.
Univariable and Multivariable Analyses of Clinicopathologic Factors and Immunohistochemical Markers for Disease-Free Survival
| Predictor | Univariable model | Multivariable model | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | ||
| Sex (male vs female) | 1.07 (0.62–1.83) | 0.811 | |||
| Age (median: <65 vs ≥65 yr) | 1.48 (0.90–2.43) | 0.126 | |||
| Intrahepatic & perihilar vs distal CCA | 1.38 (0.83–2.28) | 0.210 | 1.32 (0.75–2.32) | 0.341 | |
| Morphology | 0.069 | ||||
| Periductal infiltrating | Reference | - | |||
| Mass forming | 1.32 (0.74–2.35) | 0.344 | |||
| Intraductal growing | 0.51 (0.24–1.05) | 0.069 | |||
| Tumor staging | 0.002 | ||||
| I | Reference | - | |||
| II | 2.60 (1.25–5.43) | 0.011 | |||
| III | 4.28 (1.88–9.72) | <0.001 | |||
| Resection margin (R0 vs R1) | 1.42 (0.77–2.62) | 0.265 | |||
| Differentiation | 0.003 | 0.003 | |||
| Well differentiated | Reference | - | Reference | - | |
| Moderately differentiated | 3.12 (1.44–6.77) | 0.004 | 3.87 (1.65–9.92) | 0.002 | |
| Poorly differentiated | 4.15 (1.80–9.57) | 0.001 | 4.94 (1.94–12.60) | 0.001 | |
| Diabetes mellitus (no vs yes) | 0.98 (0.47–2.06) | 0.957 | |||
| Clonorchis sinensis infection (no vs yes) | 0.93 (0.52–1.66) | 0.804 | |||
| BMI (median: <22.81 vs ≥22.81 kg/m2) | 0.93 (0.57–1.53) | 0.781 | |||
| CEA (UNL: <5 vs ≥5 ng/mL) | 2.50 (1.25–5.01) | 0.010 | |||
| CA19-9 (UNL: <37 vs ≥37 U/mL) | 1.44 (0.84–2.47) | 0.181 | |||
| Total bilirubin (median: <2.5 vs ≥2.5 mg/dL) | 1.13 (0.69–1.87) | 0.626 | |||
| ALP (UNLx1.5: <150 vs ≥150 U/L) | 1.33 (0.77–2.29) | 0.299 | |||
| IHC markers | |||||
| E-cadherin (0 vs 1–3) | 3.14 (0.44–22.70) | 0.256 | 8.15 (1.07–62.28) | 0.043 | |
| Snail (0 vs 1–3) | 1.16 (0.65–2.09) | 0.615 | 0.81 (0.43–1.52) | 0.511 | |
| IL-6 (0 vs 1–3) | 1.19 (0.72–1.97) | 0.497 | 0.87 (0.51–1.46) | 0.589 | |
| EGFR-M (0–2 vs 3) | 2.44 (1.37–4.33) | 0.003 | 2.30 (1.16–4.55) | 0.017 | |
| EGFR-C (0–2 vs 3) | 1.06 (0.65–1.74) | 0.811 | 0.91 (0.55–1.51) | 0.703 | |
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; CCA, cholangiocarcinoma; BMI, body mass index; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; UNL, upper normal limit; CA19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19-9; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; IHC, immunohistochemistry; E-cadherin, epithelial cadherin; IL-6, interleukin-6; EGFR-M, membranous epidermal growth factor receptor; EGFR-C, cytoplasmic epidermal growth factor receptor.