Table 1.

Descriptive statistics and spatial correlations of the variables used for the neighbourhoods: study participants ages 19 and older in the Netherlands in 2016.

Variable	Descriptive statistics				Univariate Moran's I
Regional (sub-) type	Netherlands	Urban	Suburban	Rural	Netherlands	Urban	Suburban	Rural
Number of neighbourhoods	n = 2836	n = 785	n = 756	n = 1295	n = 2836	n = 785	n = 756	n = 1295
Outcome
Obesity prevalence, % (sd)	14.26	14.61	14.19	14.09	0.60**	0.67**	0.51**	0.68**
	(2.71)	(3.23)	(2.47)	(2.48)
Food environment
Average distance to next fast food store [km], % (sd)	1.39	0.50	0.84	2.24	0.35**	0.30**	0.12**	0.25**
	(1.37)	(0.26)	(0.38)	(1.61)
Average distance to next fresh food store [km], % (sd)	1.29	0.51	0.87	2.00	0.27**	0.32**	0.08*	0.18**
	(1.24)	(0.27)	(0.39)	(1.50)
Average distance to next supermarket [km], % (sd)	1.52	0.63	0.97	2.38	0.27**	0.31**	0.07*	0.15**
	(1.36)	(0.26)	(0.41)	(1.59)
Confounders
Males, % (sd)	50.27	49.22	49.80	51.17	0.17**	0.16**	0.06	0.09**
	(2.10)	(2.26)	(1.82)	(1.74)
People ages 19 to 44, % (sd)	28.49	33.50	27.93	25.79	0.51**	0.49**	0.14**	0.26**
	(6.31)	(7.99)	(4.91)	(3.44)
People ages 45 to 64, % (sd)	30.29	26.76	29.96	32.62	0.34**	0.35**	0.11**	0.24**
	(4.81)	(4.40)	(4.18)	(3.97)
People ages 65 and older, % (sd)	19.09	18.23	19.60	19.31	0.27**	0.28**	0.20**	0.30**
	(5.97)	(7.50)	(6.30)	(4.52)
Population density, no. of inhabitants/km2 (sd)	2082.53	5749.22	1492.02	204.60	0.68**	0.55**	0.26**	<0.01
	(3388.40)	(4371.99)	(1635.99)	(349.85)
Non-western immigrants, % (sd)	7.14	16.67	6.13	1.95	0.61**	0.53**	0.16**	0.10**
	(9.65)	(12.69)	(5.57)	(2.38)
Social welfare recipients, % (sd)	3.33	3.50	3.39	3.19	0.21**	0.43**	0.23**	0.24**
	(1.30)	(0.84)	(1.15)	(1.57)
Yearly net income [*1000 Euros], % (sd)	25.04	25.31	25.64	24.52	0.47**	0.51**	0.40**	0.48**
	(4.80)	(6.28)	(4.28)	(3.90)
Low alcohol consumption, % (sd)	39.36	42.40	39.52	37.41	0.62**	0.62**	0.54**	0.76**
	(6.43)	(7.83)	(5.26)	(5.28)
Smokers, % (sd)	20.17	23.81	19.17	18.55	0.58**	0.54**	0.29**	0.62**
	(4.15)	(4.64)	(3.05)	(2.83)

Abbreviations: No, number; sd, standard deviation; km, kilometre(s).

Footnote: Significant results are denoted with *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.