Fig. 1.

Metabolic pathways of inorganic sulfur salts and taurine in bacteria. A) Dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway of SRB. B) Previously thought three-step reduction pathway for taurine in Bilophila wadsworthia. C) Four-step reduction pathway for taurine in Bilophila wadsworthia. Ala, alanine; Ald, alanine dehydrogenase; AMP, adenosine monophosphate; Apr, adenosine phosphosulfate reductase; APS, adenosine phosphosulfate; Asr, anaerobic sulfite reductase; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; Dsr, dissimilatory sulfite reductase; IslAB, isethionate sulfite-lyase (IslA) and its cognate activating enzyme (IslB); NAD(P)H, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate); PPi, inorganic pyrophosphate; Pyr, pyruvate; SarD, sulfoacetaldehyde reductase; Sat, sulfate adenylyltransferase; Tpa, taurine: pyruvate aminotransferase; Xsc, sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferases.