Fig. 4.

Variation in juvenile forearm, tibia, and ear length with days since birth, corresponding to the date of first observed juvenile for each of three Madagascar species (29 September for Pteropus rufus, 16 November for Eidolon dupreanum, 12 December for Rousettus madagascariensis). Raw data are plotted as gray shapes (females = triangles, males = circles), with predictions from fitted generalized additive model (GAM) overlain as solid lines; 95% confidence intervals by standard error are shown by translucent shading (Supplementary Data SD1.F). The slope (derivative) of each fitted GAM at day 30 is identified in the bottom right; derivative results across the first year are summarized in Supplementary Data SD1.G.