TABLE 1.
Measurement results and comparison of placental villi parameters in various diseases
| Placenta type | Mean IVD ± SD (μm) | Mean TVL ± SD (μm) | Mean TVD ± SD (μm) | Mean VBM ± SD (μm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| p‐value | p‐value | p‐value | p‐value | |
| Healthy | 81.5 ± 7.6 | 69.0 ± 6.0 | 57.6 ± 5.2 | 8.8 ± 3.3 |
| GDM | 88.7 ± 10.8 | 83.6 ± 9.3 | 66.9 ± 8.6 | 7.2 ± 2.6 |
| p = 0.01 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | p = 0.068 | |
| GH | 71.4 ± 10.3 | 56.6 ± 4.1 | 46.5 ± 7.2 | 5.4 ± 2.4 |
| p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | |
| FGR | 72.6 ± 10.5 | 62.6 ± 6.0 | 45.5 ± 3.8 | 5.5 ± 2.1 |
| p = 0.02 | p = 0.01 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | |
| FGR with GDM | 70.9 ± 5.7 | 61.4 ± 2.9 | 49.8 ± 2.6 | 4.4 ± 2.0 |
| p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 |
Abbreviations: FGR, fetal growth restriction; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; GH, gestational hypertension; IVD, intermediate villi diameter; TVD, terminal villi diameter; TVL, terminal villi length; VBM, villi branch number.