FIGURE 6.

Combination of chemo and photothermal therapies for cancer therapy. (a) An illustration of synthesis of black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets followed by being modified with doxorubicin (D)‐chitosan‐PEG‐folic acid (cF) and small interfering RNA and programmed death ligand 1 (sPL) to form a multifunctional platform called BP‐DcF for cancer therapy. (b) Assessment of temperature increase when the NPs were being exposed to near‐infrared irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm²) for 5 min in a concentration‐dependent manner. (c) The D release profiles from the NPs in different media including acetate‐buffered saline (ABS) pH 5.0 and phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) pH 7.4. In the case of ABS + NIR, there are some black arrows representing the applied infrared in those time intervals. (d) The photothermal therapy (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm², 5 min) applied in the tumor's sites treated with two samples including without F (Cy5.5‐labeled BP‐Dc@s) and with F (BP‐DcF@s) plus the control group (PBS). Source: Reprinted from Ref 164 with permission from ACS