Table 5.
Heterogeneity test results
| [1] | [2] | [3] | [4] | [5] | [6] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inland area | Coastal area | |||||
| EE | GSST | EE | EE | GSST | EE | |
| VFI | − 0.345*** (− 3.71) | − 0.052*** (− 4.57) | − 0.152* (− 1.77) | − 0.225* (− 1.95) | − 0.016 (− 1.54) | − 0.147 (− 1.41) |
| GSST | 3.690*** (8.53) | 4.918*** (6.08) | ||||
| lnGDPPC | − 0.132* (− 1.77) | − 0.063*** (− 6.88) | 0.101 (1.40) | − 0.616*** (− 2.90) | − 0.042** (− 2.23) | − 0.407** (− 2.09) |
| lnFDI | − 0.029*** (− 4.20) | 0.001 (0.98) | − 0.033*** (− 5.19) | − 0.035 (− 1.16) | 0.002 (0.88) | − 0.046* (− 1.71) |
| lnIDU | − 0.025 (− 0.51) | 0.023*** (3.93) | − 0.111** (− 2.50) | 0.179 (1.03) | 0.032** (2.04) | 0.024 (0.15) |
| lnGOV | 0.012*** (4.51) | 0.001*** (3.39) | 0.008*** (3.27) | 0.011* (1.88) | 0.002*** (3.01) | 0.003 (0.59) |
| Province FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Year FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Constant | 2.158*** (5.05) | 0.440*** (8.39) | 0.535 (1.26) | 5.280*** (4.73) | 0.159 (1.59) | 4.500*** (4.44) |
| R2 | 0.452 | 0.530 | 0.564 | 0.437 | 0.550 | 0.546 |
| F test | 11.10*** | 15.20*** | 16.59*** | 5.72*** | 9.01*** | 8.41*** |
| Observations | 323 | 323 | 323 | 187 | 187 | 187 |
*, **, and *** denote significance at 10%, 5%, and 1%, respectively; t statistics in parentheses