Table 2.
Ophthalmologic Examination Data of All Participants Grouped According to the Apnea/Hypopnea Index (AHI, /hr)
| Control (n = 24) | Mild OSA (n = 51) | Moderate OSA (n = 43) | Severe OSA (n = 52) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE (diopters) | −2.00 (−5.25~-0.75) | −3.38 (−5.50~-1.00) | −2.25 (−4.50~-0.50) | −2.63 (−5.00~-0.75) | 0.515 |
| IOP (mmHg) | 14.0 (13.0~15.0) | 14.0 (12.0~15.0) | 13.0 (13.0~16.0) | 15.0 (13.0~16.0) | 0.545 |
| Visual field | |||||
| MD (dB) | −0.33 (−1.52~0.57) | −0.31 (−1.79~0.30) | −0.90 (−1.69~0.17) | −0.41 (−1.43~0.66) | 0.727 |
| PSD (dB) | 1.78 (1.51~2.26) | 1.62 (1.40~2.01) | 1.56 (1.36~1.97) | 1.55 (1.34~1.86) | 0.213 |
| RNFL thickness | |||||
| Global (μm) | 105 (98~109) | 104 (97~111) | 101 (96~107) | 100 (91~106) | 0.042 |
| Superior (μm) | 130 (116~144) | 129 (115~144) | 127 (115~139) | 129 (114~136) | 0.784 |
| Inferior (μm) | 133 (127~144) | 131 (122~146) | 130 (114~137) | 127 (112~135) | 0.006 |
| Temporal (μm) | 87 (76~114) | 88 (76~100) | 89 (77~101) | 81 (73~92) | 0.139 |
| Nasal (μm) | 64 (55~73) | 64 (53~73) | 60 (47~69) | 63 (54~73) | 0.816 |
| Macular thickness | |||||
| Average (μm) | 293 (288~299) | 293 (285~301) | 293 (285~297) | 293 (285~300) | 0.929 |
| Superior (μm) | 296 (289~301) | 295 (288~301) | 294 (287~301) | 294 (285~303) | 0.936 |
| Inferior (μm) | 292 (284~296) | 290 (280~302) | 290 (284~296) | 291 (282~297) | 0.875 |
| Peripapillary vascular density | |||||
| Superficial layer (%) | 46.19 (45.52~46.55) | 46.09 (44.96~46.72) | 45.44 (44.62~46.21) | 45.14 (44.04~46.12) | 0.002* |
| Deep layer (%) | 43.91 (43.18~45.19) | 44.15 (42.71~44.80) | 43.67 (42.65~44.41) | 43.02 (42.23~44.27) | 0.030* |
| Choriocapillary layer (%) | 44.60 (43.31~44.98) | 44.56 (43.42~45.48) | 44.43 (43.63~44.98) | 44.99 (43.86~45.55) | 0.213 |
| Choroidal layer (%) | 45.33 (44.15~46.13) | 44.85 (43.90~45.79) | 44.34 (42.19~45.56) | 44.44 (42.56~45.19) | 0.018* |
| Macular vascular density | |||||
| Superficial layer (%) | 44.80 (44.47~45.53) | 44.94 (44.14~45.71) | 44.69 (44.12~45.48) | 44.21 (43.65~45.08) | 0.019* |
| Deep layer (%) | 45.98 (43.62~47.28) | 46.01 (44.89~47.04) | 45.78 (44.46~47.21) | 45.10 (44.02~46.90) | 0.490 |
| Choriocapillary layer (%) | 43.93 (42.88~44.94) | 44.11 (42.78~44.96) | 43.89 (42.38~44.78) | 44.02 (42.26~45.18) | 0.876 |
| Choroidal layer (%) | 46.28 (45.87~46.80) | 46.82 (46.19~47.15) | 46.13 (45.56~46.91) | 46.17 (45.79~46.70) | 0.007* |
Notes: Continuous data were expressed as median (interquartile range) and compared using Kruskal–Wallis Test. *Statistically significant.
Abbreviations: OSA, obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome; SE, spherical equivalence; IOP, intraocular pressure; RNFL, retinal nerve fiber layer; MD, mean deviation; PSD, pattern standard deviation.