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. 2023 Jan 17;13:10. doi: 10.1038/s41398-023-02310-y

Fig. 2. Bidirectional modulation of lateral septum (LS)-HDAC1 alters social fear extinction.

Fig. 2

Schematic representation of the lateral septum (LS), including pharmacological (A) and viral (E) interventions where Infusions within the highlighted area were considered as correct cannula placements (A), or correct viral infusion (E) site. Scalebar indicates 200 µm (A, E). Conditioned (SFC+) and unconditioned (SFC−) mice were bilaterally infused with vehicle (Veh; 0.5% DMSO in sterile Ringer; 0.2 µl/hemisphere) or MS275 (375 ng/0.2 µl/hemisphere; HDAC inhibitor) 120 min before social fear extinction (B–D) or, in separate sets of mice, with AAV-hSyn-HDAC-GFP-WPRE (HDAC1-OE; leading to HDAC1 overexpression) or AAV-hSyn-GFP-WPRE (GFP; control) 3 weeks prior to social fear acquisition (F–H). Number of CS-US pairings of SFC+ mice during the acquisition of social fear on day 1 (B, F). The percentage of investigation time of three non-social (empty cages) and six social (cage with a conspecific) stimuli was measured during social fear extinction (day 2; C, G) and social fear extinction recall (day 3; D, H) in SFC− and SFC+ mice. Data represent mean CS-US pairings ± SEM (B, F) or mean percentage investigation time ± SEM (C, D and G, H). *P < 0.05 for SFC+/Veh vs. SFC+/MS275, SFC−/Veh, and SFC−/MS275 (C) and for SFC+/HDAC1-OE vs. SFC+/GFP (G); #P < 0.05 for SFC+/HDAC1-OE vs. SFC−/GFP, SFC−/HDAC1-OE (G, H).