Fig. 6. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) induced c-Fos expression in both T_reg and PC B cells.

a The expression variations of c-Fos in peripheral blood were determined by Western blot, with β-actin serving as a loading control. Bar graph shows differences in normalized abundance of the c-Fos between CMC control and DHA-treated groups (n = 3, Student t-test). b, c Quantification of the MFI of the c-Fos transcription factors in plasma cells and T_regs from CMC and DHA treated mice. Δ MFI (Mean Fluorescence Intensity) = MFI antibody – MFI isotype control. DHA-treated mice express more c-Fos than CMC-treated mice in T_regs and plasma cells (n = 6, Student t-test). d Western blot analysis of CDK2 and MCM2 proteins in peripheral blood T_reg from mouse blood treated with DHA alone, DHA with the T5224 inhibitor, and CMC control was performed with protein specific antibodies. e, f Bar graph shows differences in normalized abundance of the CDK2 and MCM2 between CMC control, DHA treatment, and DHA plus T5224 groups (n = 3, Student t-test). Increased CDK2 and MCM2 expression were observed in T_reg treated with DHA compared to that of CMC-treated mice, whereas CDK2 and MCM2 expression were greatly reduced in mice treated with T5224 in the presence of DHA. g, h Bar graph shows differences in percentage of circulating plasma cells (B220-gated) and peripheral blood T_reg (CD4-gated) in the CMC alone, DHA and DHA plus T5224 treated groups (n = 4, Student t-test). The error bars indicate standard error.