Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Jan 17;9:6. doi: 10.1038/s41421-022-00490-3

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 3 — a UMAP plot showing the fibroblast subpopulations. b Heatmap showing the molecular signature of each subpopulation. c Split violin plots showing the expression of the markers for activated fibroblasts. d Hierarchical clustering of the subpopulations. e Relative proportion of each subpopulation in the fibroblasts from each condition. +: expansion; –: contraction. f Immunofluorescence staining confirmed the presence of the four subpopulations in cardiac tissues from HCM patients. Fibroblasts are marked by PDGFRA. Scale bar: 10 μm. g Representative terms enriched in the upregulated genes in fibroblasts from HCM patients than those from healthy donors. Adjusted P-value < 0.05, hypergeometric test. h UMAP plot showing the subpopulations FB1 and FB2 (left panel), and the cellular trajectory reconstructed for fibroblast activation using Slingshot (right panel). The arrow shows the direction of cellular state changes. i Density curves showing the distributions of the two fibroblast subpopulations (left panel) and the fibroblasts from different conditions along the trajectory (right panel). ^**P-value < 2.2e-16, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. j Heatmaps showing the expression dynamics of the 432 genes with significantly different patterns along the trajectory between the two conditions. These genes were detected by differential expression pattern analysis using the “conditionTest” function of tradeSeq and were categorized into 7 gene clusters by hierarchical clustering. The significance threshold was set to an adjusted P-value < 0.05. k The potential key genes that were prioritized based on the results of three independent analyses including the difference in expression patterns, the fold change of expression levels, and the centrality change in GRNs. l Smoothed expression curves of representative candidate genes along the trajectory in both conditions. m Western blot assays confirmed that the protein levels of AEBP1 and RUNX1 were significantly changed in cardiac tissues from HCM patients (n = 5) compared with those from healthy donors (n = 5). ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, Wilcoxon rank-sum test.