Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Jan 16;14:232. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-34828-y

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 4 — a Scatterplots showing for each species the percentage of locus-specific DNA methylation variance that is explained by the tissue (x-axis) and by the individual (y-axis), separately for each taxonomic group. Arrows and p-values indicate the direction and statistical significance of the difference in the variance explained by tissue and individual, calculated using a two-sided pairwise Wilcoxon test. Dashed arrows indicate non-significant differences. Word clouds summarize the frequency of tissue types that contributed to the analysis in each taxonomic group. b Schematic illustration of the enrichment analysis for transcription factor binding site (TFBS) motifs among the differentially methylated regions identified between heart and liver (within a given species). c Clustered heatmap showing TFBS motif enrichments for differentially methylated fragments between heart and liver. For each transcription factor (columns), colors indicate whether it was enriched in fragments that were hypomethylated in heart (blue) or liver (yellow) in the corresponding species (rows). This heatmap includes only those transcription factors and species that had a minimum of ten significant enrichments per species, and normalized RNA expression values greater than one in either heart or liver tissues according to the Human Protein Atlas. d Visualization of the Gene Ontology annotations of the transcription factors identified in panel c. e Gene-regulatory network constructed based on the transcription factors identified in panel c with known binding preference (methylated/unmethylated) and their direct target genes with known regulatory effect (activation: green; repression: red). Transcription factors that were preferentially hypomethylated in one tissue type were colored in yellow (heart) or blue (liver), while those that did not show such an enrichment, as well as the transcription factor target genes, were colored in gray. The inset shows specific enrichments for FOXO4 and EGR1 in heart and liver, which have opposing effects on HIF1A (FOXO4: activation; EGR1: repression). The pictures at the bottom show one species for each taxonomic group that contributed to this cross-species analysis of DNA methylation differences in heart and liver.