TABLE 2.
Bivariate statistics on patient characteristics associated with unmet needs and referral for additional services
| Had Unmet Needs | Referred for Services to Address Unmet Needs | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medication | Food | Mental Health | Medication | Food | Mental Health | |||||||
| Yes (N = 595) | No (N = 979) | Yes (N = 196) | No (N = 1368) | Yes (N = 292) | No (N = 1196) | Yes (N = 98) | No (N = 398) | Yes (N = 30) | No (N = 146) | Yes (N = 70) | No (N = 186) | |
| N (%) or Mean (SD) | N (%) or Mean (SD) | N (%) or Mean (SD) | N (%) or Mean (SD) | N (%) or Mean (SD) | N (%) or Mean (SD) | |||||||
| Age | 74.8 (11.0) | 76.1 (10.2) | 74.3 (12.1) | 75.8 (10.3) | 72.8 (11.5) | 76.1 (10.2) | 74.3 (10.1) | 75.1 (11.1) | 65.3 (14.4) | 76.5 (10.6) | 69.3 (12.0) | 74.3 (10.9) |
| Gender | ||||||||||||
| Female | 298 (36.3%) | 524 (63.7%) | 113 (13.9%) | 701 (86.1%) | 150 (19.4%) | 623 (80.6%) | 47 (19.2%) | 198 (80.8%) | 10 (9.80%) | 92 (90.2%) | 31 (24.2%) | 97 (75.8%) |
| Nonfemale | 297 (39.5%) | 455 (60.5%) | 83 (11.1%) | 667 (88.9%) | 142 (19.9%) | 573 (80.1%) | 51 (20.3%) | 200 (79.7%) | 20 (27.0%) | 54 (73.0%) | 39 (30.5%) | 89 (69.5%) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||||||||||
| Asian | 428 (36.1%) | 759 (63.9%) | 125 (10.6%) | 1051 (89.4%) | 227 (20.3%) | 892 (79.7%) | 67 (18.1%) | 304 (81.9%) | 13 (11.1%) | 104 (88.9%) | 46 (22.8%) | 156 (77.2%) |
| Black/African American | 32 (33.3%) | 64 (66.7%) | 16 (16.2%) | 83 (83.8%) | 14 (15.1%) | 79 (84.9%) | 8 (36.4%) | 14 (63.6%) | 2 (16.7%) | 10 (83.3%) | 3 (30.0%) | 7 (70.0%) |
| Caucasian/White | 30 (51.7%) | 28 (48.3%) | 13 (22.4%) | 45 (77.6%) | 9 (16.1%) | 47 (83.9%) | 6 (26.1%) | 17 (73.9%) | 5 (50.0%) | 5 (50.0%) | 7 (77.8%) | 2 (22.2%) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 50 (45.9%) | 59 (54.1%) | 25 (22.5%) | 86 (77.5%) | 20 (18.7%) | 87 (81.3%) | 9 (23.7%) | 29 (76.3%) | 9 (40.9%) | 13 (59.1%) | 9 (52.9%) | 8 (47.1%) |
| Other | 55 (44.4%) | 69 (55.6%) | 17 (14.2%) | 103 (85.8%) | 22 (19.5%) | 91 (80.5%) | 8 (19.0%) | 34 (81.0%) | 1 (6.67%) | 14 (93.3%) | 5 (27.8%) | 13 (72.2%) |
| Medicare ACO | ||||||||||||
| No | 85 (42.1%) | 117 (57.9%) | 29 (14.3%) | 174 (85.7%) | 48 (25.3%) | 142 (74.7%) | 9 (14.8%) | 52 (85.2%) | 10 (35.7%) | 18 (64.3%) | 11 (34.4%) | 21 (65.6%) |
| Yes | 488 (36.8%) | 838 (63.2%) | 159 (12.1%) | 1158 (87.9%) | 236 (18.8%) | 1020 (81.2%) | 89 (21.2%) | 330 (78.8%) | 18 (12.7%) | 124 (87.3%) | 57 (26.3%) | 160 (73.7%) |
| Missing | 22 (47.8%) | 24 (52.2%) | 8 (18.2%) | 36 (81.8%) | 8 (19.0%) | 34 (81.0%) | 0 (0%) | 16 (100%) | 2 (33.3%) | 4 (66.7%) | 2 (28.6%) | 5 (71.4%) |
| PHQ‐2 score | ||||||||||||
| At least 3 | 50 (49.0%) | 52 (51.0%) | 18 (17.3%) | 86 (82.7%) | 12 (29.3%) | 29 (70.7%) | 5 (38.5%) | 8 (61.5%) | ||||
| Less than 3 | 481 (37.1%) | 814 (62.9%) | 157 (12.0%) | 1148 (88.0%) | 69 (17.2%) | 331 (82.8%) | 22 (15.2%) | 123 (84.8%) | ||||
| Missing | 64 (36.2%) | 113 (63.8%) | 21 (13.5%) | 134 (86.5%) | 17 (30.9%) | 38 (69.1%) | 3 (16.7%) | 15 (83.3%) | ||||
| GAD‐2 score | ||||||||||||
| At least 3 | 75 (53.2%) | 66 (46.8%) | 26 (18.1%) | 118 (81.9%) | 16 (27.1%) | 43 (72.9%) | 9 (45.0%) | 11 (55.0%) | ||||
| Less than 3 | 460 (36.6%) | 797 (63.4%) | 150 (11.8%) | 1117 (88.2%) | 65 (16.8%) | 321 (83.2%) | 18 (12.9%) | 121 (87.1%) | ||||
| Missing | 60 (34.1%) | 116 (65.9%) | 20 (13.1%) | 133 (86.9%) | 17 (33.3%) | 34 (66.7%) | 3 (17.6%) | 14 (82.4%) | ||||
| HPI percentile | ||||||||||||
| 1st quartile | 45 (42.9%) | 60 (57.1%) | 16 (15.5%) | 87 (84.5%) | 27 (27.6%) | 71 (72.4%) | 9 (25.7%) | 26 (74.3%) | 3 (25.0%) | 9 (75.0%) | 9 (42.9%) | 12 (57.1%) |
| 2nd quartile | 73 (34.0%) | 142 (66.0%) | 33 (15.6%) | 178 (84.4%) | 39 (19.5%) | 161 (80.5%) | 14 (22.2%) | 49 (77.8%) | 6 (19.4%) | 25 (80.6%) | 14 (41.2%) | 20 (58.8%) |
| 3rd quartile | 190 (39.9%) | 286 (60.1%) | 64 (13.3%) | 417 (86.7%) | 95 (21.0%) | 358 (79.0%) | 29 (18.5%) | 128 (81.5%) | 12 (20.7%) | 46 (79.3%) | 25 (30.5%) | 57 (69.5%) |
| 4th quartile | 255 (35.8%) | 457 (64.2%) | 72 (10.2%) | 633 (89.8%) | 119 (17.6%) | 557 (82.4%) | 44 (20.2%) | 174 (79.8%) | 6 (9.09%) | 60 (90.9%) | 20 (18.5%) | 88 (81.5%) |
| Missing | 32 (48.5%) | 34 (51.5%) | 11 (17.2%) | 53 (82.8%) | 12 (19.7%) | 49 (80.3%) | 2 (8.7%) | 21 (91.3%) | 3 (33.3%) | 6 (66.7%) | 2 (18.2%) | 9 (81.8%) |
| Risk score | 14.1 (5.08) | 13.3 (5.19) | 13.9 (5.32) | 13.6 (5.16) | 14.2 (4.96) | 13.4 (5.19) | 13.6 (5.01) | 14.0 (5.13) | 16.4 (5.36) | 13.1 (5.23) | 13.6 (5.17) | 13.8 (4.72) |
| Missing | 53 (37.1%) | 90 (62.9%) | 18 (13.4%) | 116 (86.6%) | 22 (17.2%) | 106 (82.8%) | 2 (4.7%) | 41 (95.3%) | 4 (25.0%) | 12 (75.0%) | 2 (10.5%) | 17 (89.5%) |
Abbreviations: ACO, accountable care organization; GAD, general anxiety disorder; HPI, healthy place index; PHQ, Personal health questionnaire.