TABLE 3.

Factors associated with having unmet needs and with being referred for services to address unmet needs

	Having unmet needs (Average marginal effect, 90% CI)			Being referred for services to address unmet needs (Average marginal effect, 90% CI)
	Medication	Food	Mental health	Medication	Food	Mental health
Age	−0.00087	−0.00096	−0.0044***	0.00042	−0.0043**	−0.0074***
	[−0.0036, 0.0018]	[−0.0027, 0.00081]	[−0.0063, −0.0024]	[−0.0036, 0.0044]	[−0.0083, −0.00026]	[−0.013, −0.0019]
Gender: Nonfemale	0.019	−0.029	−0.0096	0.027	0.15***	0.066
	[−0.036, 0.073]	[−0.066, 0.0072]	[−0.052, 0.033]	[−0.052, 0.11]	[0.04, 0.26]	[−0.049, 0.18]
Race/Ethnicity: Asian	−0.011	0.048	−0.058	0.30**	0.13	0.04
	[−0.12, 0.1]	[−0.036, 0.13]	[−0.14, 0.023]	[0.06, 0.54]	[−0.1, 0.37]	[−0.29, 0.37]
Race/Ethnicity: African American	0.14*	0.11*	−0.076*	0.06	0.24	0.53***
	[−0.0029, 0.29]	[−0.01, 0.22]	[−0.16, 0.012]	[−0.14, 0.26]	[−0.067, 0.55]	[0.25, 0.81]
Race/Ethnicity: Hispanic/Latino	0.073	0.11**	−0.066*	0.057	0.084	0.12
	[−0.037, 0.18]	[0.023, 0.2]	[−0.14, 0.003]	[−0.094, 0.21]	[−0.088, 0.25]	[−0.12, 0.36]
Race/Ethnicity: Other	0.029	0.039	−0.029	0.034	−0.14***	0.11
	[−0.075, 0.13]	[−0.036, 0.11]	[−0.11, 0.048]	[−0.12, 0.18]	[−0.21, −0.077]	[−0.14, 0.37]
Medicare ACO	−0.054	0.00076	−0.037	0.036	−0.19**	−0.16
	[−0.14, 0.035]	[−0.055, 0.057]	[−0.11, 0.033]	[−0.083, 0.16]	[−0.37, −0.008]	[−0.37, 0.051]
PHQ‐2 score at least 3	0.04	0.036		0.061	0.011
	[−0.073, 0.15]	[−0.034, 0.1]		[−0.07, 0.19]	[−0.18, 0.2]
GAD‐2 score at least 3	0.13***	0.031		0.095	0.15*
	[0.04, 0.23]	[−0.03, 0.091]		[−0.019, 0.21]	[−0.0083, 0.31]
HPI percentile: 1st quartile	0.0016	−0.017	0.065	0.026	−0.014	0.0071
	[−0.11, 0.11]	[−0.079, 0.046]	[−0.031, 0.16]	[−0.14, 0.19]	[−0.18, 0.15]	[−0.2, 0.21]
HPI percentile: 2nd quartile	−0.06	0.027	0.011	0.029	0.024	0.19*
	[−0.14, 0.021]	[−0.032, 0.085]	[−0.053, 0.076]	[−0.1, 0.16]	[−0.11, 0.15]	[−0.0029, 0.38]
HPI percentile: 3rd quartile	0.017	0.022	0.023	−0.033	0.076	0.081
	[−0.046, 0.079]	[−0.021, 0.065]	[−0.026, 0.071]	[−0.12, 0.053]	[−0.044, 0.2]	[−0.052, 0.21]
Risk score	0.0059**	0.0013	0.0039*	−0.0036	0.0046	−0.0043
	[0.00069, 0.011]	[−0.0022, 0.0048]	[−0.00019, 0.008]	[−0.011, 0.0043]	[−0.0036, 0.013]	[−0.016, 0.008]
N	1255	1266	1344	399	140	233
AIC	1660.93	942.19	1327.17	404.07	94.74	271.37
BIC	1732.82	1014.20	1389.61	459.92	135.93	312.78
Pseudo R2	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.06	0.58	0.19

Note: ***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.10. Comparison groups were: female, White, Non‐Medicare ACO, PHQ‐2 less than 3, GAD‐2 less than 3, HPI in 4th quartile.

Abbreviations: ACO, accountable care organization; GAD, general anxiety disorder; HPI, healthy place index; PHQ, personal health questionnaire.