Table 1. Characteristics of studies included in comparison.
| Trials | TCM | Sample size (E/C) | Age (E/C) (mean ± SD, years) |
Gender (E/C) | Interventions (E/C) | Period (days) | Outcomes | Balance report of baseline |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | TCM | SQ | |||||||
| Zeng (17) 2021 | BX | 40 | 35.1±3.9 | 25 | 15 | BX + OME + BPC + AMO + CLA | 28 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 40 | 34.4±3.5 | 26 | 14 | OME + BPC + AMO + CLA | ||||||
| Ding et al. (18) 2017 | BX | 60 | 45.31±2.61 | 23 | 36 | BX + RAB + CBP + AMO + CLA | 14 | 14 | (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 60 | 44.85±2.46 | 24 | 35 | RAB + CBP + AMO + CLA | ||||||
| Hou et al. (19) 2021 | BX | 40 | 41.68±10.29 | 22 | 18 | BX + OME + BPC + CLA + AMO | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 40 | 42.13±10.34 | 23 | 17 | OME + BPC + CLA + AMO | ||||||
| Huang et al. (20) 2018 | BX | 88 | 46.78±13.362 | 34 | 54 | BX + OME + BPC + AMO + FUR | 14 | 14 | (b) | P>0.05 |
| 88 | 42.22±12.188 | 36 | 52 | OME + BPC + AMO + FUR | ||||||
| Li (21) 2019 | BX | 20 | 52.6±10.5 | 11 | 9 | BX + OME + BPC + AMO + CLA | 28 | 14 | (b) | No estimate |
| 20 | 52.2±10.3 | 12 | 8 | OME + BPC + AMO + CLA | ||||||
| Ling (22) 2021 | BX | 46 | 45.5±4.5 | 24 | 22 | BX + RAB + CBP + AMO + CLA | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 46 | 45.8±4.6 | 25 | 21 | RAB + CBP + AMO + CLA | ||||||
| Liu (23) 2021 | BX | 43 | 50.12±5.58 | 25 | 18 | BX + AMO + CLA + CBP + PAN | 28 | 14 | (a) | No estimate |
| 43 | 49.85±5.64 | 26 | 17 | AMO + CLA + CBP + PAN | ||||||
| Ma et al. (24) 2021 | BX | 54 | 51.3±5.9 | 28 | 26 | BX + PAN + BPC + AMO + CLA | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 54 | 51.3±5. 9 | 30 | 24 | PAN + BPC + AMO + CLA | ||||||
| Qie et al. (25) 2021 | BX | 49 | 31.7±1.2 | 26 | 23 | BX + AMO + CLA + RAB + CBP | 28 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 49 | 31.6±1.3 | 25 | 24 | AMO + CLA + RAB + CBP | ||||||
| Wang (26) 2019 | BX | 60 | 52.17±10.34 | 32 | 28 | BX + OME + AMO + CLA + BPC | 28 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 60 | 52.55±10.49 | 33 | 27 | OME + AMO + CLA + BPC | ||||||
| Zhao et al. (27) 2020 | BX | 58 | 50.81±11.92 | 30 | 28 | BX + RAB + AMO + CLA + BPC | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 58 | 47.97±14.01 | 32 | 26 | RAB + AMO + CLA + BPC | ||||||
| Zhang (28) 2020 | BX | 30 | 49.03±10.44 | 14 | 16 | BX + RAB + CBA + AMO + CLA | 84 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 30 | 48.70±10.72 | 16 | 14 | RAB + CBA + AMO + CLA | ||||||
| He et al. (29) 2021 | HL | 55 | 42.83±4.38 | 26 | 29 | HL + BPC + CLA + AMO + RAB | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 55 | 42.78±4.35 | 28 | 27 | BPC + CLA + AMO + RAB | ||||||
| Li et al. (30) 2017 | HL | 41 | 39.21±4.54 | 24 | 17 | HL + OME＋CBP＋TIN＋CLA | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | No estimate |
| 41 | 39.80±4.33 | 23 | 18 | OME＋CBP＋TIN＋CLA | ||||||
| Sun (31) 2019 | HL | 41 | 44.51±9.42 | 20 | 21 | HL + RAB + BPC + CLA + MET | 14 | 14 | (a) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 41 | 43.15 ±10.32 | 23 | 18 | RAB + BPC + CLA + MET | ||||||
| Zhang et al. (32) 2017 | HL | 35 | 42.14±10.10 | 20 | 15 | HL + RAB + CLA + MET + CBP | 28 | 10 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 35 | 39.95±11.04 | 18 | 17 | RAB + CLA + MET + CBP | ||||||
| Chen et al. (33) 2020 | HQ | 40 | 36.06±12.72 | 19 | 21 | HQ + RAB + CLA + AMO + BIS | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 40 | 35.62±11.34 | 21 | 19 | RAB + CLA + AMO + BIS | ||||||
| Hu (34) 2021 | HQ | 38 | 41.56±4.45 | 20 | 18 | HQ + AMO + OME + CLA + BPC | 28 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 38 | 42.11±4.56 | 19 | 19 | AMO + OME + CLA + BPC | ||||||
| Wang (35) 2021 | HQ | 52 | 42.8±4.5 | 24 | 28 | HQ + AMO + CBP + CLA + RAB | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 52 | 42.8±4.5 | 23 | 29 | AMO + CBP + CLA + RAB | ||||||
| Yang et al. (36) 2021 | HQ | 30 | 48.3±3.2 | 17 | 13 | HQ + OME + CLA + AMO + CBP | no estimate | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 30 | 50.6±2.8 | 16 | 14 | OME + CLA + AMO + CBP | ||||||
| Cai et al. (37) 2018 | HP | 83 | 59.14±8.99 | 43 | 40 | HP + PAN + AMO + FUR + CBP | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 83 | 58.42±8.65 | 46 | 37 | PAN + AMO + FUR + CBP | ||||||
| Huang (38) 2019 | HP | 42 | 52.7±11.3 | 22 | 20 | HP + ESO + BPC + TIN + CLA | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 45 | 53.1±11.6 | 22 | 23 | ESO + BPC + TIN + CLA | ||||||
| Xie et al. (39) 2018 | HP | 59 | 44.7±2.4 | 32 | 27 | HP + PAN + CBA + CLA + AMO | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 59 | 44.2±2.7 | 30 | 29 | PAN + CBA + CLA + AMO | ||||||
| Zhang et al. (40) 2016 | HP | 53 | 51.24±3.12 | 32 | 21 | HP + PAN＋CBA＋CLA＋AMO | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 52 | 52.36±2.48 | 31 | 21 | PAN＋CBA＋CLA＋AMO | ||||||
| Duan (41) 2021 | LP | 50 | 45.2±2.6 | 28 | 22 | LP + AMO + RAB + CLA + CBP | no estimate | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 50 | 43.5±2.4 | 29 | 21 | AMO + RAB + CLA + CBP | ||||||
| Huang et al. (42) 2020 | LP | 51 | 42.83±1.47 | 38 | 13 | LP + RAB + CLA + AMO + CBP | 14 | 14 | (a) | P>0.05 |
| 51 | 42.49±1.21 | 40 | 11 | RAB + CLA + AMO + CBP | ||||||
| Li (43) 2018 | LP | 50 | 45.4±5.5 | 26 | 24 | LP + RAB + AMO + CLA + CBP | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 50 | 45.5±5.5 | 26 | 24 | RAB + AMO + CLA + CBP | ||||||
| Liu et al. (44) 2021 | LP | 60 | 51.1±8.2 | 31 | 29 | LP + RAB + AMO + CLA + BPC | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 60 | 49.8±7.8 | 32 | 28 | RAB + AMO + CLA + BPC | ||||||
| Su et al. (45) 2018 | LP | 20 | 32.21±10.26 | 12 | 8 | LP + CBP + CLA + AMO + RAB | 14 | 14 | (b) | P>0.05 |
| 20 | 32.52±10.39 | 13 | 7 | CBP + CLA + AMO + RAB | ||||||
| Tian et al. (46) 2015 | LP | 80 | 25–64 | 43 | 36 | LP + RAB + AMO + CLA + CBP | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 40 | 22–65 | 22 | 17 | RAB + AMO + CLA + CBP | ||||||
| Wang et al. (47) 2019 | LP | 100 | 41.55±1.09 | 50 | 50 | LP + RAB + AMO + CLA + CBP | 14 | 14 | (b) | P>0.05 |
| 100 | 42.23±1.92 | 51 | 49 | RAB + AMO + CLA + CBP | ||||||
| Li (48) 2019 | LP | 41 | 21–60 | 25 | 16 | LP + AMO + CBP + LAN + CLA | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 41 | 22–61 | 24 | 17 | AMO + CBP + LAN + CLA | ||||||
| Shui (49) 2018 | LP | 38 | 41.09±2.18 | 22 | 16 | LP + AMO + CLA + RAB + CBP | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 38 | 40.21±2.59 | 21 | 17 | AMO + CLA + RAB + CBP | ||||||
| Wang (50) 2018 | XS | 30 | 59.12±2.76 | 16 | 14 | XS + AMO + LEV + OME + CBP | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 30 | 58.65±3.25 | 17 | 13 | AMO + LEV + OME + CBP | ||||||
| Yang et al. (51) 2020 | XS | 16 | 58.74±4.13 | 9 | 7 | XS + BPC + OME + AMO + CLA | 42 | 14 | (b) | P>0.05 |
| 16 | 58.18±4.39 | 8 | 8 | BPC + OME + AMO + CLA | ||||||
| Deng (52) 2018 | WF | 40 | 54.35±2.07 | 16 | 24 | WF + OME + BPC + AMO + CLA | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 40 | 54.21±2.03 | 17 | 23 | OME + BPC + AMO + CLA | ||||||
| He et al. (53) 2017 | WF | 99 | 41.19±11.64 | 51 | 48 | WF + ESO + CBP + AMO + CLA | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 97 | 41.73±11.48 | 52 | 45 | ESO + CBP + AMO + CLA | ||||||
| Tang et al. (54) 2017 | WF | 70 | 48.8±6.5 | 39 | 31 | WF + RAB + BPC + AMO + CLA | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 70 | 48.7±6.3 | 38 | 32 | RAB + BPC + AMO + CLA | ||||||
| Zang (55) 2020 | WF | 33 | 49.35±6.37 | 19 | 14 | WF + LAN + CBP + AMO + CLA | 365 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 32 | 48.34±7.31 | 18 | 14 | LAN + CBP + AMO + CLA | ||||||
| Zhang et al. (56) 2019 | WF | 49 | 57.66±2. 20 | 26 | 23 | WF + ESO + CBP + AMO + CLA | 14 | 14 | (b) | P>0.05 |
| 49 | 57.26±2. 45 | 24 | 25 | ESO + CBP + AMO + CLA | ||||||
| Chen (57) 2021 | WS | 48 | 47.18±2.75 | 24 | 24 | WS + ILA + CBP + CLA + ORN | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 48 | 47.32±2.68 | 26 | 22 | ILA + CBP + CLA + ORN | ||||||
| Huang et al. (58) 2021 | WS | 50 | 45.11±5. 79 | 25 | 25 | WS + RAB + BIS + AMO + CLA | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 50 | 45.38±6. 64 | 23 | 27 | RAB + BIS + AMO + CLA | ||||||
| Qi (59) 2021 | WS | 58 | 45.23±6.12 | 36 | 22 | WS + OME + BPC + AMO + CLI | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 58 | 46.75±7.24 | 39 | 19 | OME + BPC + AMO + CLI | ||||||
| Hang (60) 2020 | JH | 30 | 41.10±11.70 | 13 | 17 | JH + CBP + AMO + CLA + PAN | 14 | 14 | (b) | P>0.05 |
| 30 | 41.30±11.67 | 14 | 16 | CBP + AMO + CLA + PAN | ||||||
| Huang et al. (61) 2016 | JH | 55 | 45.8±4.2 | 32 | 23 | JH + CBA + AMO + CLA + ESO | 28 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 55 | 48.2±4.9 | 35 | 20 | CBA + AMO + CLA + ESO | ||||||
| Li et al. (62) 2020 | JH | 104 | 48.9±9.0 | 57 | 47 | JH + AMO + CLA + RAB + BPC | 14 | 14 | (a) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 104 | 48.6±9.2 | 58 | 46 | AMO + CLA + RAB + BPC | ||||||
| Tang et al. (63) 2018 | JH | 60 | 46.72±12.23 | 28 | 32 | JH + CBP + ESO + AMO + FUR | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 50 | 45.28±13.35 | 23 | 27 | CBP + ESO + AMO + FUR | ||||||
| Wang et al. (64) 2020 | JH | 39 | 42.34±10.67 | 15 | 20 | JH + BPC + AMO + CLA + OME | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 38 | 43.17±12.33 | 16 | 19 | BPC + AMO + CLA + OME | ||||||
| Wu et al. (65) 2013 | JH | 120 | 19 –68 | 76 | 44 | JH + BPC + AMO + CLA + OME | 28 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 120 | 20–65 | 80 | 40 | BPC + AMO + CLA + OME | ||||||
| Zhang et al. (66) 2018 | JH | 60 | 20–72 | 22 | 38 | JH + RAB + AMO + FUR + BPC | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) | P>0.05 |
| 60 | 18–70 | 26 | 34 | RAB + AMO + FUR + BPC | ||||||
| Zheng (67) 2020 | JH | 35 | 41.000±11.664 | 14 | 19 | JH + BPC + AMO + CLA + OME | 14 | 14 | (a) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 35 | 40.294±22.379 | 16 | 18 | BPC + AMO + CLA + OME | ||||||
| Zhang (68) 2018 | JH | 59 | 45.02±6.743 | 31 | 28 | JH + BPC + AMO + FUR + ESO | 14 | 14 | (a) (b) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 57 | 43.79±8.938 | 30 | 27 | BPC + AMO + FUR + ESO | ||||||
| Chen (69) 2018 | JH | 32 | 48.50±14.08 | 15 | 17 | JH + BPC + TIN + CLA + RAB | 14 | 14 | (a) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 31 | 48.32±11.71 | 14 | 17 | BPC + TIN + CLA + RAB | ||||||
| Li et al. (70) 2018 | JH | 347 | 46.02±11.93 | 154 | 193 | JH + CBP + AMO + FUR + OME | 14 | 10 | (a) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 124 | 44.90±12.30 | 57 | 67 | CBP + AMO + FUR + OME | ||||||
| Luo et al. (71) 2018 | JH | 270 | 50.33±8.98 | 110 | 160 | JH + BPC + AMO + FUR + ESO | 14 | 10 | (a) (c) | P>0.05 |
| 90 | 50.00±10.00 | 37 | 53 | BPC + AMO + FUR + ESO | ||||||
(a) Eradication rate of Hp; (b) Therapeutic response rate; (c) Incidence of adverse reactions. TCM, traditional Chinese medicine; E, experimental group; C, control group; SQ, standard quadruple; BX, Banxiaxiexin decoction; HL, Huanglian Wendan decoction; HQ, Huangqi Jianzhong decoction; HP, Huopu Xialing decoction; LP, Lianpuyin; XS, Xiangsha Liujunzi decoction; WF, Weifuchun; WS, Weisu granule; JH, Jinghua Weikang; OME, omeprazole; BPC, bismuth potassium citrate; AMO, amoxicillin; CLA, claricid; RAB, Rabeprazole; CBP, colloidal bismuth pectin; FUR, furazolidone; PAN, pantoprazole; CBA, compound bismuth aluminate tablets; TIN, tinidazole; Hp, Helicobacter pylori.