. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 1.

Published in final edited form as: Psychol Addict Behav. 2022 Jul 14;37(3):434–446. doi: 10.1037/adb0000855

Table 3.

Main Effect (H1) and Exploratory Time Trend and Point Allocation Moderation Analyses

		Main Effect (H1) Analysis¹ (N= 581)			Time Trend Analysis (N= 581)			Moderators Analysis (N= 373)³
		Beta	SE (95% CI)	Exp (beta)	Beta	SE (95% CI)	Exp (beta)	Beta	SE (95% CI)	Exp (beta)
Control Variables²	Number of drinking days	−.09	.06 [−.21, .03]	.91	−.09	.07 [−.22, .03]	.91	.02	.05 [−.08, .12]	1.02
	Number of drinks per day	−.03	.04 [−.10, .05]	.97	−.02	.04 [−.11, .06]	.98	−.04	.04 [−.11, .04]	0.96
	Race (White=1; Otherwise=0)	.05	.07 [−.09, .19]	1.05	.07	.08 [−.08, .21]	1.07	.13	.07 [.00, .26]	1.14
	Gender (Female=1; Otherwise=0)	.05	.07 [−.08, .18]	1.05	.04	.07 [−.10, .17]	1.04	−.03	.06 [−.14, .09]	.97
	Number of days (since entering study)	−.01^***	.001 [−.01, .−005]	.99				−.002	.002 [−.01, .002]	1
Causal Effects	Prompt type (Self-Interest=1; Prosocial=0)	.01	.04 [−.08, .09]	1.01	.14^*	.06 [.02, .26]	1.15	−.15^*	.07 [−.28, −.03]	0.86
	Prompt type ^* Number of Days				−.01^**	.003 [−.01, .−002]	.99
	Prompt type ^* Points Allocation (1=Equal; 0= Otherwise)							.21^*	.10 [.01, .40]	1.23
	Prompt type ^* Points Allocation (1=Entirely to Charity; 0=Otherwise)							.26	.26 [−.25, .77]	1.30

p<0.05;

^**

p<0.01;

^***

p<0.001

Note. 95% Confidence Intervals are provided in the square brackets— [lower bound, upper bound].

^1.

Hypotheses pre-specified (see open science protocol in Carpenter et al., 2021).

^2.

Although estimates for the control variables are provided for completeness, we caution readers against interpreting them since correct specification of this part of the model is not required to yield consistent estimates of the causal effect of prompt type (see Boruvka et al., 2017).

^3.

This point allocation moderator analysis is restricted to those who completed prior self-monitoring, and hence received reward points that they were allowed to allocate: n=373 completed the first self-monitoring assessment; n=326 completed the second, and n=278 completed the third. Following self-monitoring completion, all participants made reward points allocations.