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. 2022 Nov 3;108(1):17–26. doi: 10.1159/000527223

C.

Comparison Study number Patient number
Control 9 703
Abatacept 2 165
Obinutuzumab 1 63
Belimumab 1 223
IL-2 1 13
Ocrelizumab 1 148
Rituximab 2 114
Anifrolumab 1 51

LN, lupus nephritis; SD, standard deviation; IL-2, interleukin-2; CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4; CYC, cyclophosphamide; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil.

a

Latin America and Caribbean 60%, Europe and Israel 29%, the USA 11%.

b

Range, mixed.

c

Asian 223 (50%), white 148 (33%), black 61 (14%), American Indian or Alaska Native 10 (2%), and multiple races 4 (1%).

d

Azathioprine, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, leflunomide, thalidomide, or methotrexate.

e

White 51%, African American 41%, Asian 3%, undeclared 3%.

f

Asian 60.6%, white 28.3%, African American 6.1%, other 5.1%.

g

Latin America 42%, Asia 23.1%, Western Europe 12.9%, Eastern Europe 10.5%, the USA and Canada 10.2%, Africa 1.3%.

h

White 26.4%, black 27.8%, Hispanic 40.3%, Asian/Pacific Islander 5.6%.