Table 1.
Biomarkers and five positions for the management of patients with IBD
| Biomarkers | Sample | Feature | (A) Diagnosis | (B) Prediction of treatment response | (C) Monitoring disease activity | (D) Diagnosing MH | (E) Prediction of recurrence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Common biomarkers | |||||||
| CRP | Serum | UC/CD | + (IBD vs. IBS)a | +a | +(UC > CD)b | +a | +(CD)a |
| ESR | Serum | UC/CD | +c | +a | +c | ||
| LRG | Serum | UC/CD | +a | +c | |||
| p-ANCA/ASCA | Serum | UC/CD | +(UC vs. CD)a | +(TNF-α)a | |||
| FCP | Feces | UC/CD | +(IBD vs. IBS)b | +a | +(UC)b | +a | +b |
| FIT | Feces | UC | +c | +a | +c | ||
|
| |||||||
| Novel biomarkers | |||||||
| PGE-MUM | Urine | UC | +c | +c | +c | ||
| miRNA | Serum/feces | UC/CD | +a | +c | +c | ||
| OSM | Serum | UC/CD | +(TNF-α)a | +c | |||
| αvβ6 antibody | Serum | UC | +(UC vs. CD/IBS)c | +c | |||
ANCA, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; ASCA, anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody; CD, Crohn's disease; CRP, C-reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FCP, fecal calprotectin; FIT, fecal immunochemical test; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; LRG, leucine-rich α2 glycoprotein; MH, mucosal healing; miRNA, microribonucleic acid; OSM, oncostatin M; PGE-MUM, prostaglandin E-major urinary metabolite; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; UC, ulcerative colitis.
Usefulness has been demonstrated in >5 reports with certain limitations, in PubMed.
Usefulness has been shown and described in any statements or guidelines.
Usefulness has been shown in <5 reports, in PubMed.