Table 5.

Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.529 (Omicron, sublineage BA.1) spike protein influencing host adaptation and other mechanisms.^a

Mutations	Frequency (%)b	Effect on virus-host interactions	Remarks	Reference
A67V	0.36	Unknown	N/Ac	[16]
T95I	21.32	Unknown	N/A	[16]
G142D	33.40	Unknown	N/A	[16]
Q954H	0.00	Host adaptation (cell culture)	N/A	[16,40]
N211del	0.02	Unknown	N/A	[16]
L212I	0.01	Unknown	N/A	[16]
ins214EPE	0.00	Unknown	N/A	[16]
H655Y	2.25	Host adaptation (cats); spike glycoprotein fusion efficiency	N/A	[32–34]
N679K	0.09	Unknown	N/A	[16,37]
P681H	22.73	Unknown	P681H mutation at the S1/S2 site of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein may increase its cleavability by furin-like proteases, but this does not translate into increased virus entry or membrane fusion	[16,38,39]
T547K	0.00	Unknown	N/A	[16]
N856K	0.00	Ligand binding	N/A	[16]

^aBased on the genomic sequences of Omicron uploaded on GISAID [16] (last date of collection December 10, 2021).

^bAmong all SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences uploaded on GISAID [16].

^cN/A: not applicable.