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. 2022 Dec 8;324(2):F138–F151. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00052.2022

Figure 5.

Figure 5.

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) regulate macrophage polarization in the kidney during unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to either UUO or sham operation and then administered with the combination of 11,12-EET + 14,15-EET (15 µg/kg/day, using an osmotic pump) for 7 days. A–E: for the pharmacological inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase, t-TUCB (0.4 mg/mouse/day) or vehicle (Veh) was administered by oral gavage beginning 24 h before UUO. mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; A), interleukin (IL)-1β (B), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (C), arginase-1 (Arg-1; D), and IL-10 (E) were measured in the kidneys. F–J: Ephx2+/+ and Ephx2–/– mice were subjected to UUO or sham operation and then administered with the combination of EETs. mRNA levels of iNOS (F), IL-1β (G), TNF-α (H), Arg-1 (I), and IL-10 (J) were measured in the kidneys. mRNA levels were normalized by GAPDH levels. Data are presented as means ± SD; n = 6. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001. One-way or two-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparison test was used to determine significance. t-TUCB, 4-[[trans-4-[[[[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]amino]carbonyl]amino]cyclohexyl]oxy]benzoic acid.