Table 4. Factors associated with mental health problems analysed by binary logistic regression.
| Factors | Depression | Anxiety | Stress | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95%CI | P-value | OR | 95%CI | P-value | OR | 95%CI | P-value | |
| Age (years) | 1.00 | (0.98-1.02) | 0.928 | 1.00 | (0.98-1.02) | 0.923 | 0.98 | (0.95-1.00) | 0.081 |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Male | 1.15 | (0.58-2.30) | 0.686 | 1.55 | (0.81-2.97) | 0.183 | 1.61 | (0.81-3.19) | 0.176 |
| Female | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Marital status | |||||||||
| Single | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Married | 1.26 | (0.63-2.50) | 0.515 | 1.15 | (0.60-2.20) | 0.685 | 0.51 | (0.24-1.07) | 0.076 |
| Widow/Divorced/Separated | 1.54 | (0.48-4.93) | 0.467 | 1.53 | (0.50-4.66) | 0.457 | 1.60 | (0.52-4.89) | 0.410 |
| Education level | |||||||||
| Primary school or lower | 1.37 | (0.57-3.30) | 0.489 | 1.02 | (0.43-2.42) | 0.972 | 0.94 | (0.38-2.37) | 0.900 |
| High school | 0.85 | (0.40-1.80) | 0.670 | 0.89 | (0.44-1.79) | 0.747 | 0.73 | (0.34-1.57) | 0.422 |
| Undergraduate university or higher | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Occupation | |||||||||
| Government official | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Self-employed/Employee | 1.86 | (0.78-4.45) | 0.162 | 1.75 | (0.80-3.83) | 0.164 | 1.41 | (0.62-3.19) | 0.411 |
| None | 2.31 | (0.81-6.63) | 0.119 | 1.34 | (0.49-3.68) | 0.565 | 0.94 | (0.32-2.81) | 0.915 |
| Income (baht) | |||||||||
| 0-15,000 | 1.24 | (0.56-2.75) | 0.600 | 1.17 | (0.56-2.43) | 0.679 | 0.90 | (0.41-1.96) | 0.782 |
| 15,001-25,000 | 1.81 | (0.74-4.43) | 0.193 | 1.23 | (0.52-2.89) | 0.637 | 1.20 | (0.49-2.91) | 0.690 |
| >25,000 | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Living status | |||||||||
| Living alone | 0.57 | (0.18-1.81) | 0.338 | 0.49 | (0.17-1.43) | 0.193 | 0.60 | (0.19-1.90) | 0.380 |
| Living with friends | 1.69 | (0.51-5.57) | 0.390 | 1.52 | (0.48-4.84) | 0.477 | 1.77 | (0.54-5.84) | 0.350 |
| Living with a partner | 1.06 | (0.47-2.39) | 0.887 | 0.53 | (0.23-1.23) | 0.141 | 0.98 | (0.42-2.25) | 0.953 |
| Living with family | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Underlying medical disease | 0.64 | (0.24-1.66) | 0.356 | 0.47 | (0.18-1.23) | 0.123 | 0.53 | (0.19-1.46) | 0.218 |
| Underlying mental disorder | - | - | NA | - | - | NA | 2.92 | (0.18-47.53) | 0.453 |
| Family history of mental | 2.28 | (0.59-8.85) | 0.234 | 2.77 | (0.72-10.73) | 0.140 | 2.42 | (0.62-9.41) | 0.203 |
| COVID-19 symptom | |||||||||
| Asymptomatic | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Mild | 2.55 | (0.93-6.99) | 0.069 | 2.69 | (1.05-6.89) | 0.039 * | 4.53 | (1.32-15.55) | 0.03 * |
| Admission status | |||||||||
| Alone | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| With family | 1.65 | (0.68-4.01) | 0.272 | 1.48 | (0.62-3.52) | 0.375 | 0.90 | (0.34-2.39) | 0.824 |
| Family members diagnosed with COVID-19 | 1.04 | (0.90-1.20) | 0.616 | 1.03 | (0.89-1.18) | 0.692 | 0.94 | (0.80-1.11) | 0.481 |
| Perceived psychological support | |||||||||
| No | 2.40 | (0.89-6.48) | 0.084 | 1.38 | (0.51-3.76) | 0.528 | 1.12 | (0.38-3.32) | 0.841 |
| Yes | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |||
Abbreviations: OR, Odds Ratio; CI, confident interval.
*
P<0.0.